Употребление артикля в английском языке

Артикль – это особое служебное слово, которое ставится перед существительным. На русский язык артикль не переводится.

Неопределенный артикль a / an может употребляться только с исчисляемыми существительными, стоящими в единственном числе. Перед неисчисляемыми существительными или существительными во множественном числе неопределенный артикль опускается. Определенный артикль the употребляется как с исчисляемыми, так и с неисчисляемыми существительными, как с единственным, так и с множественным числом.

This is a book. The book is interesting. (исчисляемое в единственном числе)

This is meat. The meat is fresh. (неисчисляемое)

These are books. The books are good. (множественное число)

Запомните следующие «застывшие конструкции»:

at school

at home

at work

There is a___

Where is the___?

in front

I have a___

This is a___

I am а___

Не has а___

That is а___

Не is а___

I see а___

It is а___

She is а___

There is а___

in the middle

in the corner

to the right

to the left

in the morning

in the afternoon

in the evening

at night

to go to bed

to go to work

to go to school

to go home

to come home

to leave home

for work (for school)

at half past five

at a quarter past five

after work

from work

after school

from school

to play chess

to play football

out of doors

to play the piano

to play the guitar

in a loud voice

in a low voice

in an angry voice

in a thin voice

in а voice

in the north

in the south

in the east

in the west

to the north

to the south

to the east

to the west

to have a good time

from morning till night

all day long

a lot of

to the cinema

to the theatre

to the shop

to the market

at the cinema

at the theatre

at the shop

at the market

to go for a walk

It was morning

It was night

It was daytime

It was evening

at sunrise

at sunset

in the country

to the country

by bus

by tram

by train

by car

in town

to town

in spring

in summer

in autumn

in winter

in a day

in a week

in а month

in a year

to watch TV

Вставьте артикль там, где это необходимо.

1. This is ___ book. It is my ___ book.

2. I have ___ sister. My ___ sister is ___ engineer. My sister's ___ husband is ___ doctor.

3. They have ___ dog and two ___ cats.

4. This is ___ tree. ___ tree is green.

5. I have two ___ sisters. My ___ sisters are ___ students.

6. We are at ___ home.

7. My ___ brother is not at ___ home, he is at ___ school.

8. My ___ mother is at ___ work. She is ___ doctor.

9. I am not ___ doctor.

10. I have no ___ sister.

11. He is not ___ pilot.

12. I have thirty-two ___ teeth.

13. I am ___ engineer.

14. My ___ son is ___ pupil.

15. My brother is ___ pupil. He goes to ___ school. He goes to ___ school in ___ morning. He has five or six ___ lessons every day. In ___ afternoon he goes ___ home. At ___ home he does his ___ homework. In ___ evening he reads ___ books. He usually goes to ___ bed at ___ half past ten. At ___ night he sleeps.

16. My father goes to ___ work in ___ morning and comes ___ home in ___ evening.

17. I get up at ___ half past seven in ___ morning and go to ___ bed at ___ quarter to eleven in ___ evening.

18. When does your mother leave ___ home for ___ work? — She leaves ___ home for ___ work at ___ quarter past eight.

19. When do you leave ___ home for ___ school? — I leave ___ home for ___ school at ___ half past ___ eight.

20. ___May is ___ fifth month of the year.

21. ___Saturday is ___ sixth day of the week.

22. ___Sunday is ___ day off.

23. It is ___ seventh of ___ December.

24. ___ third lesson today is ___ lesson of English.

25. Pete, go to ___ blackboard.

26. After school I usually go ___ home.

27. My father always comes from ___ work late: at eight o'clock or at ___ half past eight. But on ___ Friday he comes ___ home early: at half past four or at ___ quarter to five. On ___ Saturday and on ___ Sunday he does not go to ___ work.

28. I leave ___ home for ___ school at ___ quarter to nine. My granny stays at ___ home and cooks ___ dinner. I have ___ lunch at ___ school after ___ third lesson. My father and mother have ___ lunch at ___ work. When we come ___ home, we have ___ dinner.

29. Every day my husband goes to ___ work, my son goes to ___ school and I go to ___ institute.

30. What do you do after ___ breakfast? — After ___ breakfast I go to ___ school.

31. My ___ aunt and my ___ uncle are ___ doctors. They work at ___ hospital. They get up at seven o'clock in ___ morning. They go to ___ bed at eleven o'clock.

32. I work in ___ morning and in ___ afternoon. I don't work in ___ evening. I sleep at ___ night.

33. When do you leave ___ home for ___ school? – I leave ___ home at ___ quarter past eight in ___ morning.

34. What does your mother do after ___ breakfast? — She goes to ___ work.

35. Нe studied ___ physics.

36. Do you speak ___ Spanish?

37. ___ Japanese is more difficult than ___ French.

38. My father speaks ___ English and ___ French, but he does not speak ___ German.

39. Do you play ___ piano?

40. My mother likes to play ___ piano. She often plays ___ piano in ___ evening.

41. ___ boys like to play ___ football.

42. What do you do in ___ evening? — I often play ___ chess with my grandfather.

43. Where are ___ children? — Oh, they are out of ___ doors. ___ weather is fine today. They are playing ___ badminton in ___ yard.

44. ___ Neva flows into ___ Gulf of ___ Finland.

45. ___ Pacific Ocean is very deep.

46. ___ Urals are not very high.

47. ___ Kazbek is ___ highest peak of ___ Caucasus.

48. ___ Alps are covered with ___ snow.

49. ___ Shetland Islands are situated to ___ north of ___ Great Britain.

50. ___USA is ___ largest country in ___ America.

51. ___ Crimea is washed by ___ Black Sea.

52. ___ Lake Baikal is ___ deepest lake in ___ world.

53. ___ Paris is ___ capital of ___ France.

54. Lomonosov was born in ___ small village on ___ shore of ___ White Sea.

55. Gogol was born in ___ Ukraine in 1809.

56. ___ Caucasus separates ___ Black Sea from ___Caspian Sea.

57. ___ Europe and ___ America are separated by ___ Atlantic Ocean.

58. ___ Baltic Sea is stormy in winter.

59. There are many small islands in ___ Pacific Ocean.

60. ___ North Sea separates ___ British Isles from ___ Europe.

61. ___ Balkans are old mountains.

62. ___ Nile flows across ___ north-eastern part of ___ Africa to ___ Mediterranean Sea.

63. Which are ___ highest mountains in ___ Russia?

64. ___ Thames is ___ short river.

65. ___ Russia is washed by ___ Arctic Ocean in ___ north.

66. Kiev is to ___ south of ___ Moscow.

67. ___ Europe is ___ continent.

68. ___ Moscow is ___ capital of ___ Russia.

69. Is ___ Asia ___ island or ___ continent?

70. ___ Black Sea is in ___ south of our country.

71. ___ White Sea is in ___ north of our country.

72. This is ___ map of ___ world. What can you see on ___ map? What ___ colour are ___ valleys on ___ map?

73. Petrov is ___ architect. He is ___ experienced architect. He is in ___ Far East. He has ___ wife. His wife is ___ typist. They have ___ son and ___ daughter.

74. ___ Philippines are situated to ___ south-east of ___ Asia.

75. This is ___ pen. It is ___ good pen. ___ pen is black. It is on ___ table.

76. I have got ___ dog. ___ dog's name is Spot. He is ___ big grey dog. ___ dog is very strong.

77. My friend has ___ sister. Her name is Ann. ___ girl is ___ pupil.

78. We have ___ picture in ___ living-room. ___ picture is very good. It is on ___ wall.

79. ___ Irish Sea is between ___ Great Britain and ___ Ireland.

80. There is ___ map on ___ wall of ___ classroom. It is ___ map of ___ world. There are many seas and lakes on ___ map. This is ___ Mediterranean Sea and that is ___ Red Sea. These are ___ Himalayas. They are ___ highest mountains in ___ world.

81. We live in ___ St. Petersburg. ___ St. Petersburg is ___ very large city. It is one of ___ largest cities in ___ Russia.

82. My brother is ___ doctor. His flat is in ___ centre of ___ city. It is in ___ new house. There are three rooms in ___ flat. ___ living-room is ___ largest of all. It is ___ nice light room. There are ___ pictures on ___ walls. There is ___ round table in ___ middle of ___ room. There is ___ sofa at ___ wall with ___ large thick carpet in ___ front of it. ___ study and ___ bedroom are small, but very comfortable.