Методическая разработка урока на тему: " Из истории авиации"

Etienne and Joseph Montgolfier lived in the eighteenth century in a little village in France where their father had a paper factory. The two brothers took paper bags from their father, filled them with smoke over a fire and watched them go up into air.

After numerous experiments they were ready to show how their balloonworked. On the day of the flight people from different places came to the little village to see the spectacle. The brothers had constructed a bag some thirty feet in diameter. That big bag was held over a fire. When it was filled with hot smoke, it went high up into the air. It was in the air for ten minutes and then, as the air bag became cold, the balloon went slowly down.

The news about the experiment reached the king who wanted to see it himself. So on September 19, 1783 the Montgolfier brothers repeated their experiment in the presence of the King and Queen of France. This time the balloon carried a cage with a sheep, a cock, and a duck (овца, петух, утка) who were thus the first air travellers. The flight was successful. The balloon came down some distance off with the sheep, the cock and the duck completely unharmed .

If the animals could live through this, men could risk too. A month later a balloon was sent up with a Frenchman, Rozier by name. He stayed up in the air for twenty-five minutes at a height of about one hundred feet above the ground, and then came down,saying that he had greatly enjoyed the view of the country.

A month later he and Arlandes made the first free balloon flight. Their friends who came to say good-bye to them were very sad because they thought the flight was very dangerous, but they went up several hundred feet, were carried by the wind over Paris and came down in safety.

In 1785 a Frenchman and an American crossed the English Channel in a balloon. When they had covered three quarters of the way, the balloon began to go down. They threw everything they could overboard. They even undressed and threw away practically all their clothes. If they had not done it, they would have never reached the French coast safely.

Use the new vocabulary:

century – век, столетие

fill – наполнять

numerous – многочисленный

balloon – воздушный шар

diameter – диаметр

slowly – медленно

reach – достигать

thus – таким образом

successful – успешный

completely – полностью

unharmed – невредимый

height – высота

sad – печальный

dangerous – опасный

safety – безопасность

clothes – одежда

coast – берег моря

fasten – привязывать, прикреплять

disaster – бедствие

steam – пар

2. Form the plural of nouns.

Century, village, father, balloon, brother, king, sheep, cock, duck, traveler, animal, man, month, name, country, foot, way, factory, day, minute, coast.

3. Read and translate the expressions.

In the eighteenth century; two brothers; thirty feet in the diameter; ten minutes; on September 19, 1783; the first; for twenty-five minutes; one hundred feet above the ground, in 1785; three quarters of the way.

4. Translate the words.

Spectacle, experiment, risk, minutes, safety, show, diameter, distance, safely.

5. Define the parts of speech.

Numerous, from, ready, with, how, different, their, over, then, slowly, himself, repeat, presence, thus, successful, completely, if, through, could, month, dangerous, practically, everything, away, never, safely.

6. Translate the expressions pay attention to prepositions.

In a village, over a fire, into air, after numerous, experiments, on the day of the flight, from different places, with not smoke, for ten minutes, in the presence of the king, with a sheep, a cock and a duck, at a height of about one hundred feet above the ground, to say good-bye to them, over Paris.

7. Form the verbs in Present Simple.

Lived, had, took, filled, watched, worked, came, went, could, stayed, carried, closed, began, threw, reached, made repeated, carried, was, thought, reached.

IX. Translate the expressions.

air travelers – fresh air

from different places – to place a stand in the corner

men could risk too – it was a risk of him

they were ready to show how their balloon worked – this interesting show

9. Answer the questions.

1. Where and when did Etienne and Joseph Montgolfier live?

2. What did their father do?

3. What king of balloon did the brothers show to the people?

4. What did the King and Queen of France see?

5. How much time did a Frenchman, Rozier by name stay up in the air?

6. What can you say about Arlanders?

7. When did a Frenchman and an American cross the English Chanell in a balloon?

8. What’s your impression about the text?

XI. Choose the correct answer.

1) The Montgolfier brothers lived:

1. in England;

2. in France;

3. in the USA.

2) Their balloon was filled with:

1. smoke;

2. special gas;

3. steam.

3) In the cage fastened to the balloon there were:

1. some instruments;

2. a hen, a dog and a cat;

3. a sheep, a cock and a duck;

4)

1. Very few people;

2. Some friends from their village;

3. came to see the experiment.

4. People from different places.

5) Rozier's flight

1. lasted twenty-five minutes;

2. was unsuccessful;

3. ended in a disaster.