ГРАММАТИКА. Условные предложения

The 20 th of May

GRAMMAR IN USE. CONDITIONALS

ГРАММАТИКА. Условные предложения

Zero conditional

• If I miss the 8 o'clock bus, I am late for work.
• If people don't eat , they get hungry.
• My boss gets angry if I am late for work.
• Does ice melt if you heat it?

If/when + Present Simple, Present Simple .

ZERO CONDITIONAL

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №1

Translate the sentences:

1. If  I  am  late for work, my chief  is  angry. 

2. A person  doesn't eat  meat  if he/she  is  a vegetarian.

3. If I  get up early, my father  drives  me to school.

4. Everything  is  wet  if it  rains.  

• Если я опоздаю на работу, мой начальник рассердится.

• Человек не ест мяса, если он/она – вегетарианец.
• Если я встаю рано, то отец подвозит меня в школу.

• Все становится мокрым, если идет дождь.

First conditional

If I have free time, I will come . Если у меня будет время - я приду.

• ВРЕМЯ - Future (ставлю условие, касающееся будущего)
• Условие РЕАЛЬНОЕ.

If + Present Simple, Future Simple.

CONDITIONAL I

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №1

Use the required form:

If it rains , we won't go to the park.

a)will rain b)rains c)will not rain d)doesn’t rain

2. You won't pass the exam,   unless you work hard.

a)if b)when c)unless d)as soon as

3. When we  are   ready, I’ll call you.

a)shall be b)are

4. You will pay back, as soon as you  find   a new job.

a)find b)will find

5. I will see you when you  are   in Moscow next time.

a)are b)will be

6. What will you do, when you   find out the truth?

a)will find out b)have find out c)find out

CONDITIONAL I

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №2

Complete the sentences, putting the verbs into the correct form:

1.If you  are  free, I  shall come  to see you.

1.If you  (to be)  free, I  (to come)  to see you.

2.If I (to see)  her, I  (to be)   glad.

3.If you (to be) busy, I (to leave) you alone.

4.If I (to live) in Moscow, I (to visit) the Tretyakov Gallery every year.

5.If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the university.

6.If mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea part.

2.If I  see  her, I  shall be  glad.

3.If you are busy, I shall leave you alone.

4.If I live in Moscow, I shall visit the Tretyakov Gallery every year.

5. If she knows English, she will try to enter the university.

6. If mother buys a cake, we shall have a very nice tea party.

CONDITIONAL I

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №3

Translate into English:

1.If you finish your homework on time, we shall go to the cinema.

1.Если ты закончишь домашнюю работу вовремя, мы пойдем в

кино.

2.Матч отменят, если пойдет дождь.

3.Ты опоздаешь, если не поторопишься.

4.Я куплю машину, если мне повысят зарплату.

5.Если ты опоздаешь, позвони мне пожалуйста.

6.Если я увижу её, я передам ей от тебя привет.

2.The match will be cancelled if it rains.

3.You will be late if you don’t hurry up.

4.I will buy a car if I get my rise .

5.If you are late, call me please.

6.If I see her, I will give her your love.

Second conditional

• If I had free time, I would come . Если бы у меня было время - я бы пришёл .

1. ВРЕМЯ - Future (ставлю условие, касающееся будущего)

НО! 2. Условие НЕРЕАЛЬНОЕ.("БЫ")

If + Past Simple , would/could/might + Infinitive

CONDITIONAL II

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №1

Match the parts of the sentences:

I would tell her the story.

If he arrived,

I would go on vacation.

If I saw her,

I would plant the vegetables.

If I finished the work this week,

If it rained next week,

he would hear the news.

CONDITIONAL II

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №2

Choose the correct form:

1.If  you  spoke  a foreign language, you  could   get  a better job.

c) have got

a) could get

b) can get

2.If  I   had   the time, I  would go  to the beach this weekend. 

a) have had

b) had 

c) was

3.If  I  had  a lot of money, I   would travel  round the world.

a) would travel

b) did travel

c) can travel

4. If  I   were   you, I  would drive  more carefully in the rain. 

c) were 

b) have been

a) was

CONDITIONAL II

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №3

Translate the sentences:

1.If he finished his project, he would take part in the conference.

1.Если бы он закончил свой проект, он бы принял участие в конференции.

2. На вашем месте я бы посетил пожилую даму.

2.If I were you I would visit the old lady.

3. What would you do if you won the prize?

3. Что бы ты сделал, если бы ты выиграл приз?

4.I would agree if I were invited to travel round the world.

4. Я бы согласилась, если бы меня пригласили путешествовать по миру.

Third conditional

If I had had free time, I would have come .

Если бы у меня (ВЧЕРА!) было время - я бы пришёл.

1. ВРЕМЯ - Past (если бы что-то ПРОИЗОШЛО)

2. Условие НЕРЕАЛЬНОЕ (то что-то бы СЛУЧИЛОСЬ)

If + Past Perfect, would/could/might + have+V3

CONDITIONAL III

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №1

Match the parts of the sentences:

If I had learned English before,

I would have joined you.

you would have passed the exam well.

If Jim had driven the car yesterday,

I could have found a good job long ago.

If you had studied properly,

he might have met with an accident.

If I had been free yesterday,

CONDITIONAL III

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №2

Choose the correct form:

hadn’t been

1. I wouldn't have come to the party yesterday if I invited there.

a) was

b)

hadn’t been

с) wasn’t

2. Would they us if we had lost all our luggage?

have helped

a) had helped

b) help

c) have helped

have attracted

3. If she hadn’t put on a short dress she wouldn’t

such attention.

b) have attracted

c) attracted

a) attract

4. If you

me up, I should have told you something.

had rung

a) rang

b) have rung

c) had rung

CONDITIONAL III

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №3

Translate the sentences:

• Если бы ты не забыл на работе ключ, ты бы открыл дверь.

• If you hadn’t forgotten the key at work, you would have opened the door.

2. He wouldn’t have married her if she hadn’t cooked so wonderfully.

2. Он бы не женился на ней, если бы она не готовила так замечательно.

3. Ты бы понял материал вчерашнего урока гораздо лучше, если бы читал медленнее.

3. You would have understood yesterday’s lesson much better if you had read more slowly.

4. The conference would have failed if Peterson hadn’t made such a wonderful report.

4. Конференция бы провалилась, если бы Петерсон не сделал такой замечательный доклад.

5. I would probably have answered you before if I’d had exact information on this issue.

5. Я бы, возможно, ответил Вам раньше, если бы я владел точной информацией по этому вопросу.

6. Мы бы не поехали на этот курорт, если бы дети не попросили.

6. We wouldn’t have gone to this resort if the children hadn’t asked us.

MIXED CONDITIONALS

Схема предложения строится следующим образом:

CONDITIONAL CLAUSE

MAIN CLAUSE

I вид

would + инфинитив

(II тип)

If…Past Perfect (III тип)

II вид

would+have+Participle II

If Past Simple (II тип)

(III тип)

If you had taken the medicine, you would feel much better now.

If you were more attentive, you would have passed the exam yesterday.

MIXED CONDITIONALS

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №1

Match the parts of the sentences:

If I had accepted that job,

I would be a millionaire now.

I would have invited them to lunch.

If I had married him,

I would live happy now.

If I were a good cook,

If I didn't love him

.

I wouldn't have married him

MIXED CONDITIONALS

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №2

Choose the correct form:

1. If you were always near I wouldn’t have got lost in the forest.

a) wouldn’t get lost b) didn’t get lost с) wouldn’t have got lost

2. You would get a better mark today if you had looked over the material yesterday.

a) had looked b) have looked с) looked

3. If you hadn't wasted your time on computer games you wouldn’t fail the final exam.

a) wouldn’t have failed b) wouldn’t fail c) have failed

4. If I knew her well I would have accepted her invitation.

a) have accepted b) had accepted c) would have accepted

MIXED CONDITIONALS

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №3

Translate the sentences:

1. If I didn't love him, I wouldn't have married him.

1.Если бы я не любила его, я бы не вышла за него замуж.

2. Если бы меня пригласили, я бы пришел.

2. If I were invited , I would have come .

3. Если бы я хорошо готовил, я бы пригласил их на обед.

3. If I were a good cook, I would have invited them to lunch.

4. Если бы я знал английский, я бы нашел лучшую работу.

4. If I knew English, I would have got a better job.

5. Если бы ты был более внимательным, то сдал бы вчера этот экзамен.

5. If you were more attentive, you would have passed the exam yesterday.

I WISH

В английском языке предложения с “I wish” могут быть трех типов :

мы желаем, чтобы что-то произошло в будущем, сожалеем настоящем.

Речь идёт о прошедшем времени. Такая фраза - выражение сожаления о прошлом.

Речь идёт о настоящем времени. Такая фраза - выражение сожаления о настоящем.

I WISH

Схема предложения строится следующим образом:

Past Simple / Past Continuous

wish +

Past Perfect

wish +

Would + Infinitive

wish +

I wish I knew the answer.

I wish you hadn’t been so rude to my parents yesterday.

I wish you would stop playing computer games and spend some time with me!

I WISH

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №1

Translate the sentences:

1. Жаль, что я не знаю ответа.

1. I wish I knew the answer.

2. I wish I didn’t have to work tomorrow.

2. Жаль, что мне завтра нужно работать.

3. I wish you hadn’t been so rude to my parents yesterday.

3. Жаль, что ты нагрубил моим родителям вчера.

4. I wish you had told me about your plans in advance.

4. Жаль, что ты мне не сказал о своих планах заранее.

5. Как жаль, что мы не поедем с тобой!

5. I wish we would go with you!

6. I wish you would stop playing computer games and spend some time with me!

6. Как бы я хотела, чтобы ты прекратил играть в компьютерные игры и уделил мне время!

I WISH

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ №2

Translate the sentences:

1. I wish I knew what to do about the problem.

1. Жаль, что я не знаю, что делать с этой проблемой (и я сожалею).

2. Жаль, что ты должен идти.

2. I wish you didn’t have to go so soon.

3. Жаль, что я это сказал.

3. I wish I hadn’t said it.

4. Жаль, что я не учился усердно в школе.

4. I wish I had studied harder at school.

5. Жаль, что я не говорю по-итальянски.

5. I wish I spoke Italian.

6. Жаль, что я не взял фотоаппарат.

6. I wish I had brought my camera.

Conditionals Quiz

• What would you do if it (rain) on your wedding day?

What would you do if it rained on your wedding day?

• If she comes, I (call) you.

If she comes, I will call you.

• What will you do if you (fail) the history exam?

What will you do if you fail the history exam?

• If they had not (take) the car, I would have driven you.

If they had not taken the car, I would have driven you.

• If it snows , ( will) you still drive to the coast?

If it snows, will you still drive to the coast?

6. He would have (go) with you if you had asked him.

He would have gone with you if you had asked him.

• If I won a million dollars, I (buy) my own airplane.

If I won a million dollars, I would buy my own airplane.

• If I forget her birthday, Andrea (get) upset.

If I forget her birthday, Andrea gets upset.

• Jacob will pick you up at school if it (rain) .

Jacob will pick you up at school if it rains .