Модальные глаголы

MODAL VERBS

МОДАЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ -ЭТО

глаголы , показывающие не само действие , а отношение к нему говорящего

• CAN (COULD) - УМЕТЬ, МОЧЬ
• MAY - МОЖНО
• MUST - ДОЛЖЕН

HE CAN SWIM WELL.

MAY I COME IN ?

HE MUST STUDY

AT SCHOOL.

М ОДАЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ -ЭТО

• He must study well .

• She can speak English.

• Can he drive a car?
• He can not drive a plane .

• глаголы, которые не имеют окончание - s (- es ) в 3-м лице единственного числа;

• глаголы, после которых смысловой глагол употребляется без частицы to ;
• глаголы, образующие вопросы и отрицания без вспомогательного глагола.

Must

значение

пример

Должен

(приказ)

Не должен

(запрет, нельзя).

+ You  must   lay the table. Be quick!

- You   mustn’t   steal .

Have to (has to)

значение

пример

Должен, вынужден (приходится по неволе, в силу обстоятельств)

Не должен

(нет необходимости, не нужно)

+ You  have to  get ready for your test on literature .

+ He (she) has to get ready for his (her) test on literature .

- You don‘t have to  study at school on holidays .

- He (she) doesn‘t have to study at school on holidays .

Should

значение

пример

Следует

(совет)

Не следует

(совет).

+ You  should   see the film. It’s very good.

- You   should n’t   watch TV so much .

Modal Verbs of Obligation

Verb

+

Must

(приказ)

-

You  must   lay the table. Be quick!

You  have to  get ready for your test on literature( обязан).

He (she) has to get ready for his (her) test on literature ( обязан).

You  should   see the film. It’s very good.

Have to (has to)

(необхо-димость)

You   mustn’t   steal .

You don‘t have to  study at school on holidays .

He (she) doesn‘t have to study at school on holidays .

You   should n’t   watch TV so much .

Should

(совет)

Упражнение 1. Переведите предложения на русский язык и объясните употребление модальных глаголов.

1. She can speak three foreign languages.

2. She could dance when she was five.

3. You may take my book.

4. You must tell me the truth.

5. I have to do some shopping today. The party will be tomorrow.

6. You don't have to answer my question if you don't want to.

7. People should do more exercise.

8. You mustn‘t drive on the red light .

Упражнение 2 .Вставьте нужный модальный глагол и объясните его употребление.

• You ___ be at school by eight o’clock.
• It’s raining. You ___ take an umbrella.
• Students ___ be quiet when they take a test!
• My mother ___ get up early .She works every day.
• You ___ drive fast. It’s dangerous!
• I don’t have this book, so I ___ go to the library.
• Children ___ do their homework .

8 . You ___ play computer so much.