The nature of electricity

Конспект занятия «THE NATURE OF ELECTRICITY»

Продолжительность занятия: 90 мин.

Цели урока: обобщение и систематизация знаний по теме «Электричество», расширение языковой компетенции учащихся (навыки чтения, письма, говорения, аудирования)

Задачи урока:

• Образовательные:

  • совершенствовать умения и навыки владения английским языком;

  • расширить кругозор учащихся по теме.

• Практические:

  • активизировать лексический материал по теме «Электричество»;

  • расширять лексический запас;

  • совершенствовать навыки речи с опорой на образец;

  • научить учащихся воспринимать иноязычный текст как источник информации;

  • совершенствовать навык аудирования с целью извлечения информации;

  • обучить навыкам работы с мультимедийной средой.

• Воспитательные:

  • воспитывать потребность в практическом использовании иностранного языка в профессиональной сфере;

  • воспитывать культуру общения;

  • формировать партнёрские отношения в коллективе на основе творческой инициативы и самостоятельной работы студентов.

• Развивающие:

  • развивать умения высказывать мнение, делать выводы;

  • развивать коллективную деятельность;

  • развивать навыки творчества и самостоятельной работы, аналитического мышления, стремления к самовыражению;

  • развивать коммуникативные навыки аудирования, умение достаточно быстро фиксировать свои высказывания и высказывания других;

  • развивать умение быстрого чтения про себя;

  • развивать память, смекалку, сообразительность.

ХОД УРОКА

1. Организационный момент 

T: Good morning! I am glad to see you. Today is … and we are going to have our lesson on Electricity. I am sure you are ready for the lesson. So, let’s start.
At this lesson we’ll learn the information about electricity, its generation and application. We will read text, make different types of exercises, watch and discuss, and describe pictures. And at the end of the lesson you are to express your ideas about nature of electricity.

2. Фонетическая зарядка 

T: But first of all think of some words which remind you about electricity. Write them into this diagram.

Gr: студенты по одному выходят к доске, пишут и называют английские слова (circuit, current, power, generator, cell, power station, magnet, tube, resistance, conductor, transformer…)

3. Активизация лексики по теме 

Match the word and its definition.

 – A machine for producing electricity is turbine.
– Energy or force that can be used to do work is power.
– A substance able to attract iron, either natural  or by means of electric current is magnet.
– A flow of electricity through something or along  a wire or  cable is current.
– A supply of electric current for heating,  lightning, etc is electricity.
– An engine or motor whose driving-wheels turned by a current of water, steam or gas is generator.
– A closed path for an electric current is circuit.

T: And now hear to some vocabulary words pronounced and used in a sentence. Listen, translate and write them down.

4. Text work. Развитие навыков чтения с извлечением информации 

Read and translate the text

THE NATURE OF ELECTRICITY

Practical electricity is produced by small atomic particles known as electrons. It is the movement of these particles which produce the effects of heat and light.

The pressure that forces these atomic particles to move, the effects they encounter opposition and how these forces are controlled are some of the principles of electricity.

Accepted atomic theory states that all matter is electrical in structure. Any object is largely composed of a combination of positive and negative particles of electricity. Electric current will pass through a wire, a body, or along a stream of water. It can be established in some substances more readily than in others, that all matter is composed of electric particles despite some basic differences in materials. The science of electricity then must begin with a study of the structure of matter. Matter is defined as any substance which has mass (or weight) and occupies space. This definition should be broad enough to cover all physical objects in the universe. Wood, water, iron, and paper are some examples of matter. Energy is closely related to, but not to be confused with, matter. Energy does not have mass, and it does not occupy space. Heat and light are examples of energy.

The smallest particle of matter which can be recognized as an original substance was thought to be a unit called the atom. Recently scientists have found particles even smaller than atoms, but our theories are still based on the atom. The atom consists of a nucleus and a cloud of electrons. It is generally agreed that the electrons are small particles of electricity, which are negative in nature. These particles orbit the nucleus in much the same fashion that planets orbit a sun.

5.Лексические упражнения.

Guess the meaning of the following international words:

Electricity, electron, effect, structure, combination, material, mass, energy, atom, orbit

6. Give the English equivalents for the words below:

1) производить; 2) частица; 3) тепло и свет; 4) напряжение; 5) сила; 6) вещество; 7) положительный; 8) отрицательный; 9) электрический ток; 10) вес; 11) ядро

7. Translate into Russian the words and expressions from the text:

1) atomic particle; 2) effects of heat and light; 3) encounter opposition; 4) principles of electricity; 5) composed (of); 6) pass through a wire; 7) structure of matter; 8) occupy space; 9) physical objects; 10) a cloud of electrons; 11) in the same fashion.

8.Group work. Complete the sentences using the text:

1. Electricity is produced by …

2. The effects of heat and light are produced by …

3. According to the accepted atomic theory all matter is …

4. Any object is composed of …

5. Matter is defined as …

6. Energy must not be confused with …

7. The atom consists of …

8. The smallest particle of matter is …

9. Most theories are based on …

10. Electrons are …

9. Ответы на вопросы преподавателя с опорой 

T: There are 2 different types of current in use. What does AC mean? What is it? What do the letters DC stand for?

10. Минутка-разгрузка 

T: Now let’s rest a little and have fun.

11. Работа по таблице.

T: Electricity is generated at different plants. We are going to speak about these plants. Be very attentive. Listen to your friends and take notes using the table.

Студентам раздается распечатанная таблица.

12. Подведение итогов урока

T: Today we have spoken about electricity, its generation and application. Will you summarize our work. 

Student 1: We have leant about…

Student 2: The most interesting fact I have learnt is…

Student 3: I haven’t known about … before…

13. Комментирование оценок

T: So, that will do for today. Our lesson on Electricity is over. Thank you for your work. You were good and your marks for the lesson are …

14. Домашнее задание

T: But let’s not forget about your home task. Look at this picture. Your task is to describe how electricity is produced and then transmitted to our homes.