Презентация по английскому языку "Grammar: - ing form or Infinitive"

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Watch out!

We don’t usually say I don’t prefer….

We use I prefer not to…. .

Ex.   I prefer not to have music on when I’m studying.

-ing form or infinitive

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Part II

Contents

• Prefer, would rather, had better

• Watch out! (1)

3. Ex. I , Ex. II

• Infinitives of purpose

• Watch out! (2)

6. Watch out! (3)

• Ex. III, IV
• Ex. V

Prefer, would rather, had better

Form

Use

prefer + noun/-ing + to

Example

noun/-ing

expressing general

preference

would prefer + full infinitive + rather than (+ bare infinitive)

• I prefer biology to history .
• I prefer read ing English books to speak ing English.

expressing specific preference (on this occasion)

would prefer + bare infinitive + than (+ bare infinitive)

would rather + sb + past simple/past continuous

• I’ d prefer to have the lesson on Monday rather than ( to have it ) on Tuesday, if that’s possible.

expressing general or specific preference

• I’ d rather have the lesson on Monday than ( have it ) on Tuesday, if that’s possible.

expressing general or specific preference (about someone else)

had better + bare infinitive

• I ’ d rather you didn’t sit next to Brian.

giving advice

• You ’d better ask your parents if you can come on the school trip.

Watch out!

• We don’t usually say I don’t prefer ….

We use I prefer not to …. .

Ex. I prefer not to have music on when I’m studying.

Ex.I Each of the words and phrases in bold. Rewrite them correctly.

to

1. I generally prefer coffee from tea.

2. Do you prefer watching a DVD at home to go to the cinema.

3. I had prefer to meet you a bit later, if that’s all night

with you.

4. He’d prefer not have to get up so early tomorrow, but he will

if he has to.

5. I’d rather you write your essay in a notebook, to be honest.

6. Would you prefer to get a pizza rather from go out tonight.

7. You would better see a doctor if you’re not feeling well.

8. I had rather be poor and happy than rich and lonely.

9. I’d prefer having an early night tonight, if that’s okay

with you.

10. She’d rather starts revising if she wants to do well in the

exam next week.

11. Shona prefers to not wear make-up to work.

going

would

rather

wrote

than

had

would

to have

better

not to

Ex.II Write one word in each gap.

to

• I prefer pop music rock, to be honest.
• I would prefer to go to the concert tomorrow than on

Saturday.

• I playing the piano on my own performing.
• I’d rather to that jazz club than a nightclub.
• I’d you didn’t practise playing the trumpet while I’m trying to study.
• You’d get tickets soon as they’re running out.
• I actually prefer to listen to music through speakers; it sounds so much better through headphones.

rather

prefer

go

rather

better

not

Infinitives of purpose

When we want to talk about someone’s purpose (the reason they do something), we can use:

• the full infinitive

I went to university to avoid getting a job!

• in order + full infinitive

I went to university in order to avoid getting a job!

• so as + full infinitive

I went to university so as to avoid getting a job!

Watch out!

• We can also express the same idea using so (that) .

Ex . I went to university so (that) I could avoid getting a job!

• With a negative purpose we don’t normally use the full infinitive on its own.

Ex . I went to university in order not to get a job!

I went to university so as not to get a job!

I went to university not to get a job! (incorrect!)

• We can also use so (that) with can and could .

Ex . She’s learning English so that she can study in Canada.

We moved to London so that we could visit our friends more often.

Watch out!

« For… » and « to.. »

• We use for + noun but to + verb

Ex. I’m going to Spain for a holiday.

I’m going to Spain to learn Spanish.

Let’s go to the pool for a swim .

Let’s go to the pool to have a swim.

• We can say …. for (somebody) to ( do something).

Ex. There weren’t any chairs for us to sit on , so we had to sit on the

floor.

• We can use for + - ing form to say what the general purpose of a thing is.

Ex. This knife is only for cutting bread. (or to cut bread. )

• We can use What ……for ? to ask about purpose .

Ex. What is this knife for?

What did you do that for?

Ex.III Put in to or for .

• He’s going to France a holiday.
• You need a lot of experience this job.
• You need a lot of experience do this job.
• We’ll need more time make decision.

5. I went to the dentist a check-up.

6. I had to put on my glasses read the letter.

• Do you wear glasses reading.
• I wish we had a garden children play in.

for

for

to

to

for

to

for

to

for

Ex.IV Write sentences with so that .

I hurried so that I wouldn’t be late .

I hurried. I didn’t want to be late.

We wore warm clothes so that we

wouldn’t get cold.

We wore warm clothes. We didn’t

want to get cold.

The man spoke very slowly. He wanted

me to understand what he said.

The man spoke very slowly so that I

could understand what he said.

She locked the door. She didn’t want

to be disturbed.

She locked the door so that she wouldn’t be disturbed.

Ex.V Choose the correct form .

to learn

to make

People appear…………… ( learn) in different ways. Some people expect……………………

( make ) mistakes in their studies and are capable of …………………….( benefit ) from

their mistakes. They don’t mind…………………………………..( correct ) by their teachers

and indeed often ask………….. ( be ) corrected.

Others, however, dislike……………….. ( make ) mistakes. They try to avoid …........ ( do )

anything which they might do badly. They would rather………….. ( perfect )

something in small steps and be sure they have got it right ( to; from; that; than )

attempt to do a task based on a subject they don’t feel they have finished

…………………… ( explore ) yet.

Both ways of learning seem ( that; to be; as; being ) equally valid, but a

combination of the two may be the best solution. In ( desire; demand; need;

order ) to learn effectively, students have to remember ……………( take ) risks

sometimes. But they also have to feel comfortable and secure with what they’re

doing so ( that; much; as; many ) not to become demotivated. All students should

at least think about ……………………( question ) the way that they approach learning.

benefiting

being corrected

to be

making

doing

perfect

exploring

to take

questioning