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ВходЭпидемиология
Список вопросов теста
Вопрос 1
Which of the following correctly defines a rate in epidemiology?
Варианты ответов
- A) The number of existing cases divided by the population at risk.
- D) The percentage of population exposed to a risk factor.
- C) The ratio of deaths to survivors.
- B) The number of new cases in a specific period divided by the population at risk during that time.
Вопрос 2
Which indicator best reflects the overall health status of a population?
Варианты ответов
- A) Crude birth rate
- B) Morbidity rate
- C) Life expectancy at birth
- D) Prevalence of chronic diseases
Вопрос 3
The formula (a/a+b) × 100 is used to calculate:
Варианты ответов
- A) Incidence rate
- B) Proportion
- C) Ratio
- D) Mortality rate
Вопрос 4
Which of the following is an example of a cohort study?
Варианты ответов
- A) Following a group of smokers and nonsmokers to assess lung cancer risk.
- B) Comparing past records of patients with and without disease.
- C) Measuring prevalence of hypertension in one village.
- D) Randomly assigning treatment vs placebo groups.
Вопрос 5
A study comparing past exposure history between diseased and non-diseased persons is called:
Варианты ответов
- A) Cross-sectional study
- B) Case-control study
- C) Cohort study
- D) Randomised controlled trial
Вопрос 6
Which of the following study designs provides the highest level of evidence in the hierarchy?
Варианты ответов
- A) Case series
- B) Cohort study
- C) Randomised controlled trial
- D) Systematic review and meta-analysis
Вопрос 7
Which bias occurs when certain groups of the population are more likely to be included in the study sample?
Варианты ответов
- A) Observation bias
- B) Confounding
- C) Selection bias
- D) Information bias
Вопрос 8
What does internal validity refer to in an epidemiological study?
Варианты ответов
- A) The ability to generalise results to other populations.
- B) The accuracy of measurements used.
- C) The degree to which study results are free from bias and confounding.
- D) The statistical significance of results.
Вопрос 9
Which of the following best describes epidemiological surveillance?
Варианты ответов
- A) Immediate isolation of infected patients.
- B) Continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health data.
- C) Random monitoring of disease outbreaks.
- D) Clinical follow-up of patients in hospitals.
Вопрос 10
The epidemiological triad includes all except:
Варианты ответов
- A) Agent
- B) Host
- C) Environment
- D) Pathogenesis
Вопрос 11
Which preventive measure belongs to primary prevention in infectious diseases?
Варианты ответов
- A) Rehabilitation
- B) Immunization
- C) Screening for carriers
- D) Treatment of early disease
Вопрос 12
Which of the following infections is an example of anthroponosis with airborne transmission?
Варианты ответов
- A) Rabies
- B) Influenza
- C) Brucellosis
- D) Tetanus
Вопрос 13
Zoonotic diseases transmitted by ticks and fleas include:
Варианты ответов
- A) Measles and rubella
- B) Typhoid and cholera
- C) Plague and Lyme disease
- D) Influenza and COVID-19
Вопрос 14
In a forest plot, each horizontal line represents:
Варианты ответов
- A) A randomised trial's bias level
- B) The confidence interval of a study’s effect estimate
- C) The sample size of the trial
- D) The distribution of outcomes
Вопрос 15
The funnel plot is mainly used to:
Варианты ответов
- A) Compare incidence rates between countries
- B) Detect publication bias in meta-analyses
- C) Illustrate the hierarchy of evidence
- D) Measure data dispersion in surveillance
Вопрос 16
Which of the following best describes the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in modern epidemiology?
Варианты ответов
- A) Only automating data entry in surveillance systems.
- B) Replacing field epidemiologists.
- C) Analysing large datasets (Big Data) for outbreak prediction and trend detection.
- D) Limiting research to hospital-based studies
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