«The possible solutions of ecological issues in my region»

Доклад: «The possible solutions of ecological issues in my region»

(Возможные решения экологических проблем в моем регионе)

Introduction

A nation that destroys its soil destroys itself (Franklin Roosvelt)

The theme of my project is “The possible solutions of ecological issues in my region”. I have chosen this topic because I’m worried about the state of the environment and that water is polluted. I’m very concerned that forests are destroyed. Because of dangerous gases, there are many diseases. I’d like to find answers to these questions - Why does it happen?

The aim of my project is to show how we can protect the environment of our region from pollution and to present possible solutions.

Tasks are: to know more about modern situation in nature; to learn and to get more knowledge about ecological problems of my village.

Object of study is Saydy and nearby territories.

Subject of study is environmental issues.

1. Some Information about Ecology

Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, "house" and -λογία, "study of") is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community, ecosystems, and biosphere level. Ecology overlaps with the closely related sciences of biogeography, evolutionary biology, genetics, ethology and natural history. Ecology is a branch of biology, and it is not synonymous with environmentalism.

Among other things, ecology is the study of:

• Life processes, antifragility, interactions, and adaptations

• The movement of materials and energy through living communities

• The successional development of ecosystems

• Cooperation, competition and predation within and between species.

• The abundance, biomass, and distribution of organisms in the context of the environment.

• Patterns of biodiversity and its effect on ecosystem processes

2. Some Information about my village.

It is located in the Northern part of the Verkhoyanskiy region, between two rivers: Bytantay and Yana. Near the village, there are many lakes such as Myotech, Sordonnokh, Ayaan, Manas, etc. The main industry is agriculture, which specializes in cattle and horse breeding, as well as in hunting and fishing. Winters are very cold. The climate is severe for life. It is highly dependent on cyclones and climatic fronts, which are coming from the North due to the absence of natural barriers from the winds of the Arctic Ocean. There is a river pier and a new diesel power station. In addition, the transshipment center was built here. (Slide 2)

3. The main environmental problems.

Unfortunately, there are environmental problems in a such wonderful area. The first serious problem is air pollution. (slide3) In our village, there is a central heating system, which is heated by the boiler-house. It does not provide enough heat, because of a poor quality of coal. Thus, people cut down trees (the second problem) and heat their own stoves. This leads to even more carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, in winter, when the river freezes over, heavy trucks carry coal through our village to the transshipment center. The trucks are throwing 3 times more toxic substances than a passenger car. The smoke contains sulfur, lead impurity and other poisonous substances. (slide4). Moreover, there is no recycling point and people burn their domestic rubbish or throw them to the dump.

As a result, the level of harmful substances increases in the air and this mixture of fumes from all these devices shrouds our village. Hardly breathing and with some other difficulties we can find our houses in this smog.

The third problem. There are lots of different metals that oxidize and leak into the rivers and soil. Dangerous chemicals can penetrate into drinking water and harm our health too.(Slide5) Moreover, some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever. Our rivers and lakes dry up.

Due to the outflow of the population to cities and low birth rate, the number of livestock has fallen. (Slide 6)

The diagram. The decreasing of the population

For this reason, the problem of grazing territories and gases from manures was solved by itself. As a result, wild animals and birds can be seen near our village. (slide 7)

4. The possible solutions

To my mind, here are some solutions that will help us the environment:

- use more qualitative coal and special filters on smoke stacks. On the other hand, we should find other alternative forms of power. There is no reason to build solar and wind power stations. There are not many windy and sunny days in our region. To my mind the only way out is to build hydroelectric power station. Of course, it depends on finances of our government.

- convert truck engines to gas, which is more ecological.

- open points for collecting scrap metal.

- open a recycling point in one of the villages of our region, where the same trucks can carry our garbage and metals, because they go back empty.

- to plant trees and replace those that have been cut.

For my part, I try to do everything as best I can. I think the simplest thing is to keep our environment clean. I try to take part in every clean-up days, not to drop litter in the street and not to waste energy. I never forget to turn off lights and water.

Conclusion.

Since ancient times Nature has given us everything what we need: air to breathe, water to drink, wood for building and fuel. However, the resources of Nature have a limit. We should stop being so shortsighted and start thinking about the future of mankind. People should change their attitude to it and I think it is not too late. Only we can save our Earth and nobody else is going to do it for us. Otherwise, if we continue to damage our planet, it may kill it and become irreversible.

In conclusion, I urge not to leave garbage on the ground, as, to my mind, it is the first step to prevent our nature.

Don't be a litter-bug!