The Alimentary tract

С.Д.Асфендияров атындағы Қазақ ұлттық медицина университеті

Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University

The Alimentary tract

independent work of a student

Complied by Ismailov Shakhmurat

Checked by Turumbayeva Ryskul Romanovna

Objective

• To study the human Alimentary tract.
• To study a structure and organs of the Alimentary tract.

introduction

The alimentary tract is a musculomembraneous canal about 8 ½ m (metres) in length. It extends from the oral cavity to the anus. It consists of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The liver with gallbladder and pancreas are the large glands of the alimentary tract.

Mouth – Pharynx – Esophagus

The first division of the alimentary tract is formed by the mouth. Important structures of the mouth are the teeth and the tongue, which is the organ of taste. The soft and hard palates and the salivary glands are also in the oral cavity. From the mouth food passes through the pharynx to the esophagus and then to the stomach.

The stomach

The stomach is a dilated portion of the alimentary canal. It is in the upper part of the abdomen under the diaphragm. It measures about 21 -25 cm in length, 8-9 cm in its greatest diameter. It has a capacity of from 2.14 to 4.28 1 (litres)

Intestines

The small intestine is a thin-walled muscular tube about 6.5 metres long. It is located in the middle portion of the abdominal cavity. The small intestine is composed of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. The large intestine is about 1.5 metres long. It is divided into caecum, colon, sigmoid and rectum.

Glands of the alimentary tract

The liver is the largest gland in the human body. It is in the right upper part of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm. The weight of the liver is 1,500 g. The gallbladder is a hollow sac lying on the lower surface of the liver. The pancreas is a long thin gland lying behind the stomach.

Conclusion

By doing this work, I study the alimentary tract, and its structure and organs.

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