“Outstanding people of Belarus”

Филиал БНТУ «Минский государственный машиностроительный колледж»

Цикловая комиссия дисциплин социально-гуманитарного цикла

Учебная дисциплина “Иностранный язык”

Методическая разработка учебного занятия по теме:

“Outstanding people of Belarus”

подготовила преподаватель английского языка

Масловская П.Ю.

Председатель цикловой комиссии ____________ Слесаревич О.С.

Минск 2022

Outstanding people of Belarus

Цели учебного занятия:

Предполагается, что к окончанию учебного занятия учащиеся смогут рассказать о выдающихся людях Беларуси.

Задачи:

• Активизировать языковой материал в устной речи;

• Способствовать развитию умения чтения с выборочным извлечением необходимой информации;

• Создать условия для активного речевого взаимодействия;

• Способствовать развитию умений использовать в устной речи; информацию, полученную на учебном занятии.

Задачи для учащихся:

• Учиться высказывать свою точку зрения на английском языке;

• Учиться применять полученные знания на практике.

Оснащение учебного занятия:

1. Методическое обеспечение:

• Рабочая программа;

• Календарно-тематический план;

• Учебник;

• Англо-русский словарь.

1. Материально-техническое оснащение:

• Планшет с колонкой.

1. Раздаточный материал:

• Карточки с заданиями;

• Тематические тексты;

• Листы для плакатов;

• Материал для создания плакатов;

• Канцелярские принадлежности.

Ход учебного занятия:

Фонетическая разминка

1.

Stay away from those people who try to disparage your ambitions.

Small minds will always do that, but great minds will give you a feeling that you can become great too.

2.

When you give joy to other people, you get more joy in return. You should give a good thought to happiness that you can give out.

3.

When you change your thoughts, remember to also change your world.

4.

It’s only when we take chances, when our lives improve. The initial and the most difficult risk that we need to take is to become honest.

5.

Success usually comes to those who are too busy looking for it.

Лексический минимум

Main words

Anniversary – юбилей

Attempt – попытка

Award – награда

Broke – без денег, разорённый

Explore – исследовать

Explorer – исследователь

Fail – потерпеть неудачу, крах

Failure – неудача, провал

Fate – судьба

Fire – увольнять

Honorary – почётный

Influential – влиятельный

Legendary- легендарный

Narrative – рассказ, история

Nobel Prize – Нобелевская премия

Notable – выдающийся, знаменитый

Numerous – многочисленный

Outstanding – выдающийся, незаурядный

Pioneer – первооткрыватель, новатор

Principal – директор школы

Prominent – выдающийся, известный

Turn down – отказывать, отвергать

Грамматический материал

Неличные формы глагола (Non-Finite Forms of the Verb)

Общие сведения.

К неличным формам глагола относятся: инфинитив (the Infinitive), герундий (the Gerund) и причастие (the Participle).
1. В отличие от личных форм глагола, неличные формы выражают действие без указания лица и числа и поэтому не могут служить в предложении сказуемым. Неличные формы сочетают свои глагольные свойства со свойствами других частей речи и выполняют в предложении синтаксические функции этих частей речи. Так, инфинитив и герундий, сочетая свойства глагола со свойствами существительного, выполняют функцию существительного, т. е. служат в предложении подлежащим, именной частью сказуемого, дополнением, определением и обстоятельством. Причастие, сочетая свойства глагола со свойствами прилагательного и наречия, выполняет функцию прилагательного и наречия, т. е. служит в предложении определением и обстоятельством:
To skate is pleasant (инфинитив в функции подлежащего).
Кататься на коньках приятно.
I am fond of reading (герундий в функции дополнения).
Я люблю читать.
The book lying on the table belongs to Comrade A. (причастие в функции определения).
Книга, лежащая на столе, принадлежит товарищу А.
Не sat at the table thinking (причастие в функции обстоятельства).
Он сидел за столом задумавшись.

2. Подобно личным формам глагола, неличные формы выражают время. Однако в отличие от личных форм, которые выражают время по отношению к моменту речи, неличные формы выражают время по отношению к моменту действия, выраженного глаголом в личной форме. Таким образом, время, выраженное неличными формами, имеет относительное значение, а именно: неличные формы обычно выражают действие как одновременное или предшествующее по отношению к действию, выраженному глаголом в личной форме:
I saw him cross the street (инфинитив выражает одновременное действие).
Я видел, как он перешел улицу.
They are said to have left Moscow (инфинитив выражает предшествующее действие).
Говорят, что они уехали из Москвы.
Не was surprised at seeing her there (герундий выражает одновременное действие).
Он был удивлен, увидев ее там.
I remember having read about it in the newspaper (герундий выражает предшествующее действие).
Я помню, что читал об этом в газете.
Не sat on the sofa reading a book (причастие выражает одновременное действие).
Он сидел на диване, читая книгу.
Having lost the key he couldn't enter the room (причастие выражает предшествующее действие).
Потеряв ключ, он не мог войти в комнату.

3. Подобно личным формам глагола, неличные формы выражают залог:
I want to inform you of it. (инфинитив в действительном залоге).
Я хочу информировать вас об этом.
I want to be informed of it (инфинитив в страдательном залоге).
Я хочу, чтобы меня информировали об этом.

Не likes asking questions (герундий в действительном залоге).
Он любит задавать вопросы.
Не likes being asked questions (герундий в страдательном залоге).
Он любит, когда ему задают вопросы.

The man reading a newspaper at the window is my teacher (причастие в действительном залоге).
Человек, читающий у окна газету, мой преподаватель.
I want to show you a list of the books read by the students in the summer (причастие в страдательном залоге).
Я хочу показать вам список книг, прочитанных летом студентами.

4. Инфинитив, герундий и причастие могут употребляться в предложении без пояснительных слов (т. е. без дополнения и обстоятельства). Однако гораздо чаще они употребляются с пояснительными словами, образуя вместе с ними инфинитивные, герундиальные и причастные обороты:
I have come to speak to you on this matter (инфинитивный оборот).
Я пришел, чтобы поговорить с вами по этому вопросу.
He is fond of reading historical books (герундиальный оборот).
Он любит читать исторические книги.
Having plenty of time, we walked to the station (причастный оборот).
Имея много времени, мы пошли на вокзал пешком.

5. Действие, выраженное неличной формой глагола, может относиться к лицу (или предмету), обозначенному подлежащим или дополнением предложения:
I've come here to speak to you (действие, выраженное инфинитивом to speak, относится к подлежащему I).
Я пришел сюда, чтобы поговорить с вами.
My brother is fond of reading (действие, выраженное герундием reading, относится к подлежащему my brother).
Мой брат любит читать.
I looked at the man sitting at the window (действие, выраженное причастием sitting, относится к дополнению the man).
Я посмотрел на человека, сидевшего у окна.

Действие, выраженное неличной формой глагола, может относиться к лицу или предмету, обозначенному существительным (или местоимением), не являющимся самостоятельным членом предложения. Такое существительное (или местоимение) стоит непосредственно перед неличной формой глагола. В этом случае неличная форма глагола и предшествующее ей существительное (или местоимение) тесно связаны между собой и выполняют функцию одного члена предложения. Такой член предложения называется сложным. В сложном члене предложения существительное (или местоимение) выражает лицо (или предмет), совершающее действие, выраженное неличной формой глагола, или подвергающееся этому действию. Сложный член предложения, как правило, равен по значению придаточному предложению:
It is necessary for your brother to go there (инфинитивный оборот, выполняющий функцию сложного подлежащего).
Необходимо, чтобы ваш брат пошел туда. (Вашему брату необходимо пойти туда.)
We insisted on the goods being shipped next week (герундиальный оборот, выполняющий функцию сложного дополнения).
Мы настаивали на том, чтобы товары были отгружены на будущей неделе.
The sun having set, we went home (причастный оборот, выполняющий функцию сложного обстоятельства).
После того как солнце зашло, мы пошли домой.

Упражнение на первичное усвоение новых знаний

Task1.

Put the words below into two groups: “different, unique” and “great, well-known”.

Iconic, grand, legendary, outstanding, notable, prominent, distinctive, recognizable, famous, world-recognised, genius.

Упражнения на первичную проверку понимания

Task2.

A) Look at the list of names below. What do you think all these people have in common?

Kirk Douglas, Ralph Lauren, Yanka Kupala, Yakub Kolas, Vladimir Korotkevich, Isaac Asimov, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Svetlana Alexievich, Olga Korbut, Yulia Raskina, Inna Zhukova, Max Mirnyi, Viktoria Azarenko, Yulia Nesterenko, Yanina Korolchik, Ellina Zvereva, Daria Domracheva, Anton Saroka, Alexander Medved, Boris Gelfand, Marc Chagall, Kazimir Male vich, Ossip Zadkine, Vladimir Vyshnevski, Michal Oginski, Vladimir Mulyavin, Ignat Domejko, Alexander Chizhevsky, Zhores Alferov, Haim Weizman, Shimon Peres, Petr Klimuk, Vladimir Kovalenok, Vasil Bykov, Boris Kit.

B) Work in pairs. Do you know all the names? Can you say what these people are famous for?

Example: Kirk Douglas is a legendary Hollywood actor.

Task3.

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (to infinitive or gerund or infinitive without to)

Task4.

Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form

Тематические тексты

1.Alferov Zhores Ivanovich

Zhores Ivanovich Alferov (belor. Zhares Ivanavich Alferay; March 15, 1930, Vitebsk, Byelorussian SSR, USSR — March 1, 2019, St. Petersburg, Russia) was a Soviet and Russian physicist, politician. Winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics (2000, for the development of semiconductor heterostructures and the creation of fast opto- and microelectronic components). Vice-President of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 1991 to 2017. Chairman of the Presidium of the St. Petersburg Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1979; corresponding member 1972). Honored Power Engineer of the Russian Federation (1996). Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1972), the USSR State Prize (1984), the State Prize of the Russian Federation (2001). Order of Lenin (1986). Full Knight of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland. Foreign member of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA (1990) and the National Academy of Engineering of the USA (1990), the Korean Academy of Sciences and Technology (1995), the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Polish Academy of Sciences (1988), member of the Academies of Sciences of the Republic of Belarus (1995), Moldova (2000), Azerbaijan (2004), honorary member of the National Academy of Sciences of Armenia (2011). Member of the CPSU. Deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation II—VII convocations (1995-2019). In 1989, he was elected People's Deputy of the USSR from the USSR Academy of Sciences, in December 1995, Alferov was elected to the State Duma of the second convocation from the movement "Our Home is Russia"; in 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2016, he was re—elected deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation on the party lists of the Communist Party, not being a member of the party. Author of more than 500 scientific papers, three monographs and 50 inventions.

One of the authors of an Open letter of 10 academicians to the President of the Russian Federation V. V. Putin against clericalization. He opposed teaching the subject "Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture" in schools, at the same time noting that he had "a very simple and kind attitude to the Russian Orthodox Church" and that "the Orthodox Church defends the unity of the Slavs." He demonstrated the social stratification of Russian society in the 2000s by picking up a glass of wine and saying: "Its contents belong - alas! — only ten percent of the population. And the leg on which the glass is held is the rest of the population." Discussing with the correspondent of the newspaper Argumenty i Fakty the problems of modern Russian science, he noted: "The lag in science is not a consequence of any weakness of Russian scientists or the manifestation of a national trait, but the result of a stupid reform of the country." In an interview in 2013 , Alfyorov recalled: "In 1993, I sold a VCR just to buy groceries. Then we were able to survive, first of all, thanks to our international ties." Later, in a number of media, Alferov was called the main opponent of the reform (however, he himself did not sign the statement of scientists who joined the July 1 Club; he did not actively speak in the press, like many RAS employees; his name is not under the Appeal in which more than 1,000 researchers called on deputies who appropriated other people's scientific results and incompetently voted for the reform of the RAS to voluntarily resign their powers). In 2016, he signed a letter calling on Greenpeace, the United Nations and governments around the world to stop the fight against genetically modified organisms (GMOs). A supporter of the phystech system, free education and the development of the electronic industry in Russia.

2.Vysotsky Mikhail Stepanovich

Mikhail Stepanovich Vysotsky (February 10, 1928 — February 25, 2013, Minsk) was a Soviet and Belarusian scientist, statesman and public figure; one of the founders of the Belarusian truck automotive industry. Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Hero of Belarus created the Belarusian school of design and research of trucks. In his first thesis, he was offered the first conveyor for the assembly of MAZs. He worked at the Minsk Automobile Plant for 50 years, of which 35 years as chief designer. M. S. Vysotsky made a number of significant changes that made it possible to adapt the equipment to conveyor assembly and achieved their implementation in production. Thanks to this, the quality and reliability of the machines improved. M. S. Vysotsky headed a division of the Minsk Automobile Plant, which was engaged in the creation of trailers oriented to space needs. With the name M. S. Vysotsky is associated with the most significant achievements of the Minsk Automobile Plant: the development of a fundamentally new layout of heavy—duty vehicles "cab over the engine" - first implemented in the MAZ-500 (serial production since 1965), which later became widespread throughout the world; the creation of six generations of mainline road trains, the latest of which meet the stringent requirements of international standards. In 1970, by the decision of the Council of the Moscow Automobile and Road Institute (MADI), M. S. Vysotsky was awarded the degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences. Because of this, all subsequent car models differ from the previous ones by higher technical and economic indicators: high-speed and braking properties, fuel efficiency and smooth running, maneuverability and ergonomics. The activity of M. S. Vysotsky is connected with the establishment and strengthening of ties between science and production, the orientation of the scientific potential of academic, university and branch science to solve the most pressing problems facing the domestic machine-building complex. In 1974, on his initiative, the Academic Department of Trucks was created. In 1975, the educational, scientific and production association "MAZ-BPI" was established, and within its framework — the department of the Belarusian Polytechnic Institute (BPI, now BNTU) "Heavy-duty vehicles", the head of which Academician M. S. Vysotsky was until recently. M. S. Vysotsky is one of the initiators of the organization of large-scale domestic production of buses at MAZ and the head of the creation of their first models together with the German firm "Neoplan" (1992). M. S. Vysotsky created the Republican Computer center of machine-building profile. M. S. Vysotsky was the initiator and coordinator of the work on the creation of the Belarusian automobile landfill. M. S. Vysotsky developed the theory of virtual design and testing of mobile machines, obtained results in the field of dynamics of automobile and railway tanks, carried out organizational work on the creation and control of state research and scientific and technical programs. M. S. Vysotsky's scientific and organizational activity was based on scientific work. He has published more than 450 scientific papers. 20 monographs have been published, 145 copyright certificates and patents have been obtained, most of which served as the basis for increasing competitiveness and creating new types of automotive equipment. M. S. Vysotsky has trained 6 doctors and 18 candidates of sciences and created the Belarusian School of Mechanics and integrated design of mobile machines, whose works for the first time in the country laid the foundations of the theory of design and accelerated testing of high-speed heavy-duty vehicles.

3.Domracheva Darya Vladimirovna

Daria Vladimirovna Domracheva (; b. August 3, 1986, Minsk) is a Belarusian biathlete, four—time Olympic champion, two-time world champion (2012 and 2013), winner of the 2014/15 World Cup, winner of 6 small Crystal globes of the Biathlon World Cup, Honored Master of Sports of the Republic of Belarus. The most decorated athlete in the history of the Winter Olympic Games in biathlon, as well as the first biathlete in the world to win three individual races. On the day of winning the third gold medal at the 2014 Games, Daria was awarded the title "Hero of Belarus", she became the first woman in the history of the country to be awarded the highest award of the Republic of Belarus. The only four-time Olympic biathlon champion in the history of women's biathlon. The owner of the world record among women for breakthroughs in the pursuit. For 14 years she lived in Nyagan (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug), where she started doing biathlon. On June 25, 2018, at the age of 31, she announced the end of her professional sports career. The most decorated athlete is the representative of the Republic of Belarus at the Olympic Games. In September 2019, she headed the Chinese women's biathlon team.

Hero of Belarus (2014). Order "For Personal Courage" (2018). Order of the Fatherland, III degree (2012). Honored Master of Sports of the Republic of Belarus (2010). Laureate of the special prize of the President of the Republic of Belarus "Belarusian Sports Olympus" (2012). Laureate of the CIS Interstate Award "Stars of the Commonwealth" (2017). Badge of the Ministry of Sports and Tourism of the Republic of Belarus "For the development of physical culture and sports in the Republic of Belarus" (2019).

4.Klimuk Pyotr Ilyich

Pyotr Ilyich Klimuk (born July 10, 1942, Komarovka village, Brest region) is a Soviet cosmonaut, twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1973, 1975), Colonel-General (1998). Doctor of Technical Sciences (2000), Professor. Honorary Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (2017). Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR (1978) and the Russian Federation (2002).

Twice Hero of the Soviet Union (December 28, 1973, July 27, 1975). Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree (2.03.2000) — for great services to the state in the development of domestic manned cosmonautics. Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree (9.04.1996). Three Orders of Lenin (28.12.1973, 27.07.1975, 5.07.1978). Order "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" III degree (02/17/1984). Medal "For Merits in Space Exploration" (April 12, 2011) — for great achievements in the field of exploration, exploration and use of outer space, many years of conscientious work, active public activity. Order "For Service to the Motherland" II degree (Belarus, July 15, 2002) — for merits in the development and strengthening of scientific, technical and military cooperation between the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation. Order of Friendship of Peoples (Belarus, July 16, 2007) — for significant personal contribution to strengthening friendly relations and cooperation between the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation. Order of the "Cross of Grunwald" I degree (Poland, 1978). Order of Nobility (Kazakhstan, 1995). Order of the Legion of Honor, II degree (France, 2004). Two medals "Brotherhood in Arms" (Poland). Medal "For strengthening friendship in arms" I degree (Czechoslovakia). State Prize of the Russian Federation (2002) — for the work "Motion control in case of sensory disturbances in microgravity and information support for maximum quality control of visual stabilization of space objects". USSR State Prize (1978) — for a series of works on medical justification and implementation of a set of methods and means of prevention of the adverse effects of weightlessness on the human body, which provided the possibility of long-term manned space flights. Lenin Komsomol Prize (1978) — for the script of the documentary film "Ordinary Space".

Candidate of Technical Sciences (1995). Full member of the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics named after K. E. Tsiolkovsky, academician of the International Academy of Informatics, corresponding member of the International Academy of Astronautics. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 10th convocation. People's Deputy of the USSR (1989-1991). He was nominated to the State Duma from the PVR and RPJ bloc..

5.Medved Alexander Vasilyevich

Alexander Vasilyevich Medved (born September 16, 1937, Bila Tserkva, Kiev region) is a Soviet Belarusian athlete, freestyle wrestler, three—time Olympic champion, multiple world, European and USSR champion. Honored Master of Sports of the USSR (1963), author of two books on wrestling. He beat the same athlete (Osman Duraliev) in the finals of prestigious competitions 8 times. Vice-President of the NOC of the Republic of Belarus. Alexander Medved became Olympic champion in freestyle wrestling three times (1964, 1968, 1972), and in three different weight categories (light heavyweight, heavy and absolute), 7 times (1962-1963, 1966-1967, 1969-1971) became world champion, 3 times (1966, 1968 and 1972) — European champion. In 1961-1970 he became the champion of the USSR 9 times. In 1962, after his first championship, he became an honored master of sports, since 1965 — a member of the CPSU. In 1972, he carried the USSR flag at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games in Munich. After finishing his sports career, he worked as an associate professor at the Minsk Radio Engineering Institute (where he was a teacher during his sports activity) and a wrestling coach, was the head of the sports department. In 1970, together with the Wrestling Federation of Belarus, together with the Committee on Physical Culture and Sports under the Council of Ministers of the BSSR, he established an international freestyle wrestling tournament for the prizes of A.V. Medved. Since 1994, the tournament has been awarded the prestigious highest category of international Grand Prix tournaments. He received the title of honorary citizen of Minsk in 1972. In 1980, at the opening of the Olympic Games in Moscow, he was honored to read the Olympic Oath on behalf of the judges. After the collapse of the USSR, he became the vice-president of the NOC of Belarus and the coach of the Olympic freestyle wrestling team of Belarus. In 2001, he was recognized as the best athlete of Belarus of the XX century. In 2004, at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games in Athens, he carried the flag of Belarus. In 2005, he was recognized as the best freestyle wrestler in the history of sports and was inducted into the Wrestling Hall of Fame. President of the Belarusian Wrestling Federation. From 1968 to November 2018, he worked as a wrestling coach at BSUIR.

6.Savitsky Mikhail Andreevich

Mikhail Andreevich Savitsky (February 18, 1922, Zvenyachi village, Vitebsk province — November 8, 2010, Minsk) was a Belarusian, Soviet, painter, teacher. Hero of Belarus (2006). People's Artist of the USSR (1978). Laureate of the USSR State Prize (1973), the State Prizes of the Belarusian SSR (1970, 1980), the State Prize of the Republic of Belarus (1996).

The artist was characterized by a journalistic and emotionally expressive disclosure of historical and contemporary themes ("Song", 1957; cycles "Heroic Belarus", 1967, "Numbers on the heart" (1974-1979) (based on memories and impressions of cruelty in German concentration camps); paintings "Partisan Madonna", "Legend about Father Minai", "Children of War", etc.). All these canvases are dedicated to the memory of those who died during the Great Patriotic War. They also glorify the patriotism of the Soviet people. Together with individual paintings, he created the art cycles "Partisan Belarus" (1960-1980s), "Numbers on the Heart" (1974-1987), "Black Past" (1988-1989), "Beatitudes" (1990-ies), "XX century" (1990-2000-ies). Many of his early works have not survived. Among the prominent paintings are also: "Partisans" (1963), "Requiem" (1988), etc. As K. Melnik notes, "Savitsky's Christian motives appeared quite early," later "sounding in his art in full force."

Anatoly Stishko, an artist from Lithuania, who considers himself a student and friend of the Belarusian master, dedicated his personal exhibition to Savitsky's memory. And by the decision of the Minsk City Council of Deputies of December 24, 2020, one of the streets of Minsk, located in the Minsk-Mir complex, was named after the People's Artist, Hero of Belarus Mikhail Savitsky. He also received the USSR State Prize (1973) — for the cycle of paintings "Heroic Belarus" (paintings "Partisan Madonna", "Vitebsk Gate", "In the Field") and the mural "The Great Patriotic War. 1944" in the Museum of the Great Patriotic War in Minsk.

7.Sukhoi Pavel Osipovich

Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi (July 10 [22], 1895, Glubokoe city, Disnensky District, Vilna Province, Russian Empire (now Vitebsk Region, Belarus) — September 15, 1975, Moscow, USSR) was a Soviet aircraft designer, Doctor of Technical Sciences, one of the founders of Soviet jet and supersonic aviation. Twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1957, 1965), winner of the Stalin (1943), Lenin (1968) and State Prizes (1975), winner of the A. N. Tupolev Prize No. 1 (1975, posthumously), the State Prize of the Russian Federation (1997, posthumously).

On July 29, 1939, Pavel Sukhoi assumed the post of Chief Aviation Designer of the new Design Bureau. The aircraft, which were designed under the leadership of P.O. Sukhoi, began to carry the designation "Su" — an index, an abbreviation of the name of the head of the Design Bureau with end-to-end numbering. In 1939-1940 Pavel Sukhoi held the position of chief designer at the aviation plant No. 135 in Kharkov. In 1940-1949 Pavel Sukhoi was the chief designer of a design bureau based at a number of factories in the Moscow region and Moscow. At the same time, Pavel Sukhoi is the director of these plants. In 1939-1941, the Sukhoi Design Bureau created Su-1, Su-3 and Su-5 fighters, as well as a modification of the Su-2 "attack bomber" SB, aka the "short-range bomber second" BB-2. However, these aircraft were not adopted and did not go into production. By the beginning of hostilities in the summer of 1941, the Soviet Air Force had 13 fully equipped regiments of short-range bombardment aircraft equipped with Su-2. In 1942-1944, the Sukhoi Design Bureau created and successfully flew a heavy two-seat twin-engine armored attack aircraft Su-8, built in two copies. From 1944 to 1949, the Sukhoi Design Bureau created and tested the Su-12 reconnaissance spotter, the Su-10 four-engine jet heavy bomber (ground tests), the Su-9, Su-11 and Su-13 heavy twin-engine jet fighters, as well as the Su-15 and Su-17 single-engine fighters. In the design of the aircraft, an ejection cabin and a pilot's seat and a braking parachute were used. In November 1949, the Pavel Sukhoi Aviation Design Bureau was abolished. At the suggestion of Andrey Tupolev, he moved to work as a designer in his design bureau. Here, at the suggestion of Tupolev, the Sukhoi design team in 1946 created a modification of the Tu-2 "training bomber" UTB (UTB-2. The aircraft was built serially until 1948. During the Korean War of 1950-1953, in July 1952, the USSR received two captured American F-86 "Sabre" fighters. For a thorough study of captured aircraft and the creation of a Soviet jet fighter superior to the Sabre in basic parameters, it was decided to organize a new aviation design bureau. By the decree of the Government of August 5, 1953 in the OKB P.O. Sukhoi launched work on the design of supersonic fighters in two versions of the layout of prototypes: with a swept wing (index "C") and a triangular wing (index "T"), respectively. After the reconstruction of the Design Bureau under the leadership of Pavel Sukhoi, a number of experimental and serial combat vehicles were developed, including the Su-7 fighter with a flight speed twice the speed of sound, P-1, Su-9, Su-11, Su-15 interceptor fighters, Su-7B fighter-bombers with ski and wheeled-ski landing gear for basing on unpaved airfields and Su-17 with variable wing sweep in flight, modifications of Su-17 Su-20 and Su-22 bombers, Su-24 front-line bomber, Su-25 attack aircraft, T-4 bomber and other aircraft. A number of unrealized projects were also developed, for example, the Su-13.

Task5. Answer the questions

1.Did you know these people below?

2.What these people are famous for?

3.Is there any new or surprising information?

4. What did these people do for the nation?

5. Which of the biographies did you find the most amusing?

Task6 Complete the chart below

Task7.

Put the parts of the text in the correct order. Then make posters

1.Alferov Zhores Ivanovich

1. Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1979; corresponding member 1972). Honored Power Engineer of the Russian Federation (1996). Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1972), the USSR State Prize (1984), the State Prize of the Russian Federation (2001). Order of Lenin (1986). Full Knight of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland. Foreign member of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA (1990) and the National Academy of Engineering of the USA (1990), the Korean Academy of Sciences and Technology (1995), the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Polish Academy of Sciences (1988), member of the Academies of Sciences of the Republic of Belarus (1995), Moldova (2000), Azerbaijan (2004), honorary member of the National Academy of Sciences of Armenia (2011). Member of the CPSU.

2. One of the authors of an Open letter of 10 academicians to the President of the Russian Federation V. V. Putin against clericalization. He opposed teaching the subject "Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture" in schools, at the same time noting that he had "a very simple and kind attitude to the Russian Orthodox Church" and that "the Orthodox Church defends the unity of the Slavs." He demonstrated the social stratification of Russian society in the 2000s by picking up a glass of wine and saying: "Its contents belong - alas! — only ten percent of the population. And the leg on which the glass is held is the rest of the population."

3. In 2016, he signed a letter calling on Greenpeace, the United Nations and governments around the world to stop the fight against genetically modified organisms (GMOs). A supporter of the phystech system, free education and the development of the electronic industry in Russia.

4. Discussing with the correspondent of the newspaper Argumenty i Fakty the problems of modern Russian science, he noted: "The lag in science is not a consequence of any weakness of Russian scientists or the manifestation of a national trait, but the result of a stupid reform of the country." In an interview in 2013 , Alfyorov recalled: "In 1993, I sold a VCR just to buy groceries. Then we were able to survive, first of all, thanks to our international ties." Later, in a number of media, Alferov was called the main opponent of the reform (however, he himself did not sign the statement of scientists who joined the July 1 Club; he did not actively speak in the press, like many RAS employees; his name is not under the Appeal in which more than 1,000 researchers called on deputies who appropriated other people's scientific results and incompetently voted for the reform of the RAS to voluntarily resign their powers).

5 Zhores Ivanovich Alferov (belor. Zhares Ivanavich Alferay; March 15, 1930, Vitebsk, Byelorussian SSR, USSR — March 1, 2019, St. Petersburg, Russia) was a Soviet and Russian physicist, politician. Winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics (2000, for the development of semiconductor heterostructures and the creation of fast opto- and microelectronic components). Vice-President of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 1991 to 2017. Chairman of the Presidium of the St. Petersburg Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences

6. Deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation II—VII convocations (1995-2019). In 1989, he was elected People's Deputy of the USSR from the USSR Academy of Sciences, in December 1995, Alferov was elected to the State Duma of the second convocation from the movement "Our Home is Russia"; in 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2016, he was re—elected deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation on the party lists of the Communist Party, not being a member of the party. Author of more than 500 scientific papers, three monographs and 50 inventions.

2.Vysotsky Mikhail Stepanovich

1. The activity of M. S. Vysotsky is connected with the establishment and strengthening of ties between science and production, the orientation of the scientific potential of academic, university and branch science to solve the most pressing problems facing the domestic machine-building complex. In 1974, on his initiative, the Academic Department of Trucks was created. In 1975, the educational, scientific and production association "MAZ-BPI" was established, and within its framework — the department of the Belarusian Polytechnic Institute (BPI, now BNTU) "Heavy-duty vehicles", the head of which Academician M. S. Vysotsky was until recently. M. S. Vysotsky is one of the initiators of the organization of large-scale domestic production of buses at MAZ and the head of the creation of their first models together with the German firm "Neoplan" (1992).

2. M. S. Vysotsky has trained 6 doctors and 18 candidates of sciences and created the Belarusian School of Mechanics and integrated design of mobile machines, whose works for the first time in the country laid the foundations of the theory of design and accelerated testing of high-speed heavy-duty vehicles.

3. He worked at the Minsk Automobile Plant for 50 years, of which 35 years as chief designer. M. S. Vysotsky made a number of significant changes that made it possible to adapt the equipment to conveyor assembly and achieved their implementation in production. Thanks to this, the quality and reliability of the machines improved. M. S. Vysotsky headed a division of the Minsk Automobile Plant, which was engaged in the creation of trailers oriented to space needs. With the name M. S. Vysotsky is associated with the most significant achievements of the Minsk Automobile Plant: the development of a fundamentally new layout of heavy—duty vehicles "cab over the engine" - first implemented in the MAZ-500 (serial production since 1965), which later became widespread throughout the world; the creation of six generations of mainline road trains, the latest of which meet the stringent requirements of international standards. In 1970, by the decision of the Council of the Moscow Automobile and Road Institute (MADI), M. S. Vysotsky was awarded the degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences. Because of this, all subsequent car models differ from the previous ones by higher technical and economic indicators: high-speed and braking properties, fuel efficiency and smooth running, maneuverability and ergonomics.

4. . M. S. Vysotsky created the Republican Computer center of machine-building profile. M. S. Vysotsky was the initiator and coordinator of the work on the creation of the Belarusian automobile landfill. M. S. Vysotsky developed the theory of virtual design and testing of mobile machines, obtained results in the field of dynamics of automobile and railway tanks, carried out organizational work on the creation and control of state research and scientific and technical programs. M. S. Vysotsky's scientific and organizational activity was based on scientific work. He has published more than 450 scientific papers. 20 monographs have been published, 145 copyright certificates and patents have been obtained, most of which served as the basis for increasing competitiveness and creating new types of automotive equipment

5. Mikhail Stepanovich Vysotsky (February 10, 1928 — February 25, 2013, Minsk) was a Soviet and Belarusian scientist, statesman and public figure; one of the founders of the Belarusian truck automotive industry. Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Hero of Belarus created the Belarusian school of design and research of trucks. In his first thesis, he was offered the first conveyor for the assembly of MAZs.

3.Domracheva Darya Vladimirovna

1. The most decorated athlete in the history of the Winter Olympic Games in biathlon, as well as the first biathlete in the world to win three individual races. On the day of winning the third gold medal at the 2014 Games, Daria was awarded the title "Hero of Belarus", she became the first woman in the history of the country to be awarded the highest award of the Republic of Belarus. The only four-time Olympic biathlon champion in the history of women's biathlon.

2. Hero of Belarus (2014). Order "For Personal Courage" (2018). Order of the Fatherland, III degree (2012). Honored Master of Sports of the Republic of Belarus (2010). Laureate of the special prize of the President of the Republic of Belarus "Belarusian Sports Olympus" (2012). Laureate of the CIS Interstate Award "Stars of the Commonwealth" (2017). Badge of the Ministry of Sports and Tourism of the Republic of Belarus "For the development of physical culture and sports in the Republic of Belarus" (2019).

3. Daria Vladimirovna Domracheva (; b. August 3, 1986, Minsk) is a Belarusian biathlete, four—time Olympic champion, two-time world champion (2012 and 2013), winner of the 2014/15 World Cup, winner of 6 small Crystal globes of the Biathlon World Cup, Honored Master of Sports of the Republic of Belarus.

4. . The owner of the world record among women for breakthroughs in the pursuit. For 14 years she lived in Nyagan (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug), where she started doing biathlon. On June 25, 2018, at the age of 31, she announced the end of her professional sports career. The most decorated athlete is the representative of the Republic of Belarus at the Olympic Games. In September 2019, she headed the Chinese women's biathlon team.

4. Klimuk Pyotr Ilyich

1.Candidate of Technical Sciences (1995). Full member of the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics named after K. E. Tsiolkovsky, academician of the International Academy of Informatics, corresponding member of the International Academy of Astronautics. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 10th convocation. People's Deputy of the USSR (1989-1991). He was nominated to the State Duma from the PVR and RPJ bloc.

2. Pyotr Ilyich Klimuk (born July 10, 1942, Komarovka village, Brest region) is a Soviet cosmonaut, twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1973, 1975), Colonel-General (1998). Doctor of Technical Sciences (2000), Professor. Honorary Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (2017). Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR (1978) and the Russian Federation (2002).

3. Order "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" III degree (02/17/1984). Medal "For Merits in Space Exploration" (April 12, 2011) — for great achievements in the field of exploration, exploration and use of outer space, many years of conscientious work, active public activity. Order "For Service to the Motherland" II degree (Belarus, July 15, 2002) — for merits in the development and strengthening of scientific, technical and military cooperation between the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation. Order of Friendship of Peoples (Belarus, July 16, 2007) — for significant personal contribution to strengthening friendly relations and cooperation between the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation.

4. . Order of the "Cross of Grunwald" I degree (Poland, 1978). Order of Nobility (Kazakhstan, 1995). Order of the Legion of Honor, II degree (France, 2004). Two medals "Brotherhood in Arms" (Poland). Medal "For strengthening friendship in arms" I degree (Czechoslovakia). State Prize of the Russian Federation (2002) — for the work "Motion control in case of sensory disturbances in microgravity and information support for maximum quality control of visual stabilization of space objects". USSR State Prize (1978) — for a series of works on medical justification and implementation of a set of methods and means of prevention of the adverse effects of weightlessness on the human body, which provided the possibility of long-term manned space flights. Lenin Komsomol Prize (1978) — for the script of the documentary film "Ordinary Space".

5. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union (December 28, 1973, July 27, 1975). Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree (2.03.2000) — for great services to the state in the development of domestic manned cosmonautics. Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree (9.04.1996). Three Orders of Lenin (28.12.1973, 27.07.1975, 5.07.1978).

5. Medved Alexander Vasilyevich

1. In 1980, at the opening of the Olympic Games in Moscow, he was honored to read the Olympic Oath on behalf of the judges. After the collapse of the USSR, he became the vice-president of the NOC of Belarus and the coach of the Olympic freestyle wrestling team of Belarus. In 2001, he was recognized as the best athlete of Belarus of the XX century.

2. Vice-President of the NOC of the Republic of Belarus. Alexander Medved became Olympic champion in freestyle wrestling three times (1964, 1968, 1972), and in three different weight categories (light heavyweight, heavy and absolute), 7 times (1962-1963, 1966-1967, 1969-1971) became world champion, 3 times (1966, 1968 and 1972) — European champion. In 1961-1970 he became the champion of the USSR 9 times. In 1962, after his first championship, he became an honored master of sports, since 1965 — a member of the CPSU.

3. . In 2004, at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games in Athens, he carried the flag of Belarus. In 2005, he was recognized as the best freestyle wrestler in the history of sports and was inducted into the Wrestling Hall of Fame. President of the Belarusian Wrestling Federation. From 1968 to November 2018, he worked as a wrestling coach at BSUIR.

4. Alexander Vasilyevich Medved (born September 16, 1937, Bila Tserkva, Kiev region) is a Soviet Belarusian athlete, freestyle wrestler, three—time Olympic champion, multiple world, European and USSR champion. Honored Master of Sports of the USSR (1963), author of two books on wrestling. He beat the same athlete (Osman Duraliev) in the finals of prestigious competitions 8 times.

5. In 1972, he carried the USSR flag at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games in Munich. After finishing his sports career, he worked as an associate professor at the Minsk Radio Engineering Institute (where he was a teacher during his sports activity) and a wrestling coach, was the head of the sports department. In 1970, together with the Wrestling Federation of Belarus, together with the Committee on Physical Culture and Sports under the Council of Ministers of the BSSR, he established an international freestyle wrestling tournament for the prizes of A.V. Medved. Since 1994, the tournament has been awarded the prestigious highest category of international Grand Prix tournaments. He received the title of honorary citizen of Minsk in 1972.

6.Savitsky Mikhail Andreevich

1.All these canvases are dedicated to the memory of those who died during the Great Patriotic War. They also glorify the patriotism of the Soviet people. Together with individual paintings, he created the art cycles "Partisan Belarus" (1960-1980s), "Numbers on the Heart" (1974-1987), "Black Past" (1988-1989), "Beatitudes" (1990-ies), "XX century" (1990-2000-ies). Many of his early works have not survived. Among the prominent paintings are also: "Partisans" (1963), "Requiem" (1988), etc. As K. Melnik notes, "Savitsky's Christian motives appeared quite early," later "sounding in his art in full force."

2. The artist was characterized by a journalistic and emotionally expressive disclosure of historical and contemporary themes ("Song", 1957; cycles "Heroic Belarus", 1967, "Numbers on the heart" (1974-1979) (based on memories and impressions of cruelty in German concentration camps); paintings "Partisan Madonna", "Legend about Father Minai", "Children of War", etc.)

3.Mikhail Andreevich Savitsky (February 18, 1922, Zvenyachi village, Vitebsk province — November 8, 2010, Minsk) was a Belarusian, Soviet, painter, teacher. Hero of Belarus (2006). People's Artist of the USSR (1978). Laureate of the USSR State Prize (1973), the State Prizes of the Belarusian SSR (1970, 1980), the State Prize of the Republic of Belarus (1996).

4.Anatoly Stishko, an artist from Lithuania, who considers himself a student and friend of the Belarusian master, dedicated his personal exhibition to Savitsky's memory. And by the decision of the Minsk City Council of Deputies of December 24, 2020, one of the streets of Minsk, located in the Minsk-Mir complex, was named after the People's Artist, Hero of Belarus Mikhail Savitsky. He also received the USSR State Prize (1973) — for the cycle of paintings "Heroic Belarus" (paintings "Partisan Madonna", "Vitebsk Gate", "In the Field") and the mural "The Great Patriotic War. 1944" in the Museum of the Great Patriotic War in Minsk.

.

7.Sukhoi Pavel Osipovich

1. By the beginning of hostilities in the summer of 1941, the Soviet Air Force had 13 fully equipped regiments of short-range bombardment aircraft equipped with Su-2. In 1942-1944, the Sukhoi Design Bureau created and successfully flew a heavy two-seat twin-engine armored attack aircraft Su-8, built in two copies. From 1944 to 1949, the Sukhoi Design Bureau created and tested the Su-12 reconnaissance spotter, the Su-10 four-engine jet heavy bomber (ground tests), the Su-9, Su-11 and Su-13 heavy twin-engine jet fighters, as well as the Su-15 and Su-17 single-engine fighters. In the design of the aircraft, an ejection cabin and a pilot's seat and a braking parachute were used. In November 1949, the Pavel Sukhoi Aviation Design Bureau was abolished. At the suggestion of Andrey Tupolev, he moved to work as a designer in his design bureau. Here, at the suggestion of Tupolev, the Sukhoi design team in 1946 created a modification of the Tu-2 "training bomber" UTB (UTB-2).

2.By the decree of the Government of August 5, 1953 in the OKB P.O. Sukhoi launched work on the design of supersonic fighters in two versions of the layout of prototypes: with a swept wing (index "C") and a triangular wing (index "T"), respectively. After the reconstruction of the Design Bureau under the leadership of Pavel Sukhoi, a number of experimental and serial combat vehicles were developed, including the Su-7 fighter with a flight speed twice the speed of sound, P-1, Su-9, Su-11, Su-15 interceptor fighters, Su-7B fighter-bombers with ski and wheeled-ski landing gear for basing on unpaved airfields and Su-17 with variable wing sweep in flight, modifications of Su-17 Su-20 and Su-22 bombers, Su-24 front-line bomber, Su-25 attack aircraft, T-4 bomber and other aircraft. A number of unrealized projects were also developed, for example, the Su-13.

3. Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi (July 10 [22], 1895, Glubokoe city, Disnensky District, Vilna Province, Russian Empire (now Vitebsk Region, Belarus) — September 15, 1975, Moscow, USSR) was a Soviet aircraft designer, Doctor of Technical Sciences, one of the founders of Soviet jet and supersonic aviation. Twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1957, 1965), winner of the Stalin (1943), Lenin (1968) and State Prizes (1975), winner of the A. N. Tupolev Prize No. 1 (1975, posthumously), the State Prize of the Russian Federation (1997, posthumously).

4. On July 29, 1939, Pavel Sukhoi assumed the post of Chief Aviation Designer of the new Design Bureau. The aircraft, which were designed under the leadership of P.O. Sukhoi, began to carry the designation "Su" — an index, an abbreviation of the name of the head of the Design Bureau with end-to-end numbering. In 1939-1940 Pavel Sukhoi held the position of chief designer at the aviation plant No. 135 in Kharkov. In 1940-1949 Pavel Sukhoi was the chief designer of a design bureau based at a number of factories in the Moscow region and Moscow. At the same time, Pavel Sukhoi is the director of these plants. In 1939-1941, the Sukhoi Design Bureau created Su-1, Su-3 and Su-5 fighters, as well as a modification of the Su-2 "attack bomber" SB, aka the "short-range bomber second" BB-2. However, these aircraft were not adopted and did not go into production.

5. The aircraft was built serially until 1948. During the Korean War of 1950-1953, in July 1952, the USSR received two captured American F-86 "Sabre" fighters. For a thorough study of captured aircraft and the creation of a Soviet jet fighter superior to the Sabre in basic parameters, it was decided to organize a new aviation design bureau.

Аудирование

Скрипт

The borders of Belarus were changed so many times it can be hard to know where your family really comes from: Russia, Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine or Belarus. Our lecture is not limited to persons of Belarusian ethnicity; Russians, Jews, Poles, Vikings, etc. may be found in the list. How many of us would have guessed that the legendary Hollywood actor Kirk Douglas was born to Belarusian parents? They emigrated from Gomel to the USA when Kirk was just three years old, in 1919. Likewise, top American designer Ralph Lauren’s parents are from Belarus (his father from Pinsk and his mother from Grodno).

Belarus also has its fair share of prominent writers. Yanka Kupala, Yakub Kolas, Vladimir Korotkevich... Science-fiction king Isaac Asimov was born in the village of Petrovichi in the Mogilev Region of Belarus. Few know that Fyodor Dostoevsky – one of Russia’s greatest prose writers – was born into a Belarusian family. Although his parents had moved to Moscow by the time he arrived in the world, they hailed from the small Belarusian village of Dostoevo in the Ivanovo District. Last autumn, the village celebrated the 500th anniversary of the famous family.

In 2015 Svetlana Alexievich, a Belarusian journalist and prose writer was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Belarus has brought forth some of our world’s most prominent athletes. Just think of an outstanding Soviet gymnast Olga Korbut from Grodno or Belarusian Olympic medalists in rhythmic gymnastics Yulia Raskina and Inna Zhukova, great tennis players Max Mirnyi and Viktoria Azarenko. Other notable sporting heroes include Olympic medalists Yulia Nesterenko, Yanina Korolchik, Ellina Zvereva and Darya Domracheva. How about a great wrestler Alexander Medved? The winner of the 2009 World Chess Cup, Boris Gelfand?

One of most famous of all people from Belarus, Marc Chagall is known around the world as a master of classic avant-garde art. The pioneer of geometric abstract art Kazimir Malevich, sculptor Ossip Zadkine, Leon Bakst, Vladimir Vyshnevski also come from this land. Notable musician and composer Vladimir Mulyavin was a collector of Belarusian folklore, and the founder of the legendary band Pesnyary.

As far as science is concerned: Ignat Domejko was a well-known geologist, the national hero of Chile. Alexander Chizhevsky was born in the Grodno region. Zhores Alferov, born in Vitebsk, won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2000.

Haim Weizman from the small village near Pinsk was an outstanding chemist who gave lectures in Switzerland and Great Britain. He also became the first president of Israel. By the way, Shimon Peres, another Israel’s President and Nobel Prize winner, was born in Belarus in the village of Vishnevo in the Minsk Region.

Petr Klimuk, the first Belarusian cosmonaut and a researcher in technical sciences was born in Komarovka village, Brest region, in 1942. He made three space flights as a member of spaceship. Vladimir Kovalenok was born near Minsk in 1942. He trained as a pilot and was a prominent cosmonaut in the Soviet Union. He commanded 3 space missions and was twice declared a Hero.

There are successful Belarusian artists, writers, models and businessmen all over the world. But according to a notable writer of Belarusian origin, Vasyl Bykov, the number one Belarusian in the world is Boris Kit. This outstanding rocket scientist and Belarusian lived till 107 years old and died in February 2018 in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Till his last days, he remained truly devoted to his language and his motherland. Perhaps these legendary people will make you feel that, in fact, you are lucky to come from Belarus.

Task8.

A) Listen to the on-line lecture about famous Belarusians.

What names from ex.2 are not mentioned by the speaker?

B) What are the three people that were not mentioned in the lecture famous for?

C)Match the areas below to the people in ex.2.

Literature

Politics

Visual Arts

Space technology

Sport

Science

Fashion

Cinema

Music

D). Listen again. Name a famous person (people) who:

a) founded a legendary band;

b) became Olympic Medalists;

c) won the World Chess Cup;

d) is considered the pioneer of geometric abstract art;

e) is a National Hero of Chile;

f) comes from a small Belarusian village Dostoevo;

g) got the Nobel Prize;

h) gave lectures on chemistry in European universities;

i) became presidents;

j) had a job connected with space.

Контроль усвоения полученных знаний

Task9. Change the parts of the sentences into Infinitive Constructions.

1. She has got so fat that she cannot wear this dress now.

2. The window was so dirty that they could not see through it.

3. She was so foolish that she could not understand my explanation.

4. I have very little wool: it won’t make a sweater.

5. The problem is so difficult that it is impossible to solve it.

6. The box is so heavy that nobody can carry it.

7. The baby is so little that it cannot walk.

8. She is so busy that she cannot talk with you.

9. The rule was so difficult that they did not understand it.

10. He was so stupid that he did not see the joke.

Task10 Insert “to” where necessary.

1. We miss them very much and we are happy that they will (visit) us next month.

2. You could (have done) it long ago.

3. The boy felt his mother (touch) his cheek but he pretended (be sleeping).

4. Mrs.Cool wants her son (look) after his younger sister.She is going (be busy)

till Friday.

5. Don’t let your children (swim) in the river when they are alone.

6. Who made you (stay) here and not (go) away?

7. The neighbours saw Val (leave) but didn’t (tell) Fred about it.

8. She usually felt his hands (be) cold when she touched them.

9. Their family was made (sell) the house just for nothing and (leave) for

Manchester.

10. I heard him (pray) when everybody went to bed.