МБОУ «Гимназия №5» г.Брянска
Методическая разработка
по английскому языку
на тему «ENGLISH TOPICS»
Подготовила: учитель
иностранных языков
Новикова Алина Андреевна
«ENGLISH TOPICS»
№1 Cinema
№2 My Favourite Writer (A. Marinina)
№3 Theatre
№4 Olympic Games
№5 My favourite painter.
№6 English Meals
№7 Travelling
№8 Environmental Protection
№9 The USA
№10 Political System of the USA
№ 11 Сustoms and traditions (USA)
№ 12 Industry in USA
№13 Customs of Great Britain
№14 Industrial cities in great Britain
№15 Geographique position in Great Britain
№16 Political System of Great Britain
№17 London
№18 Education in Britain
№1 Cinema
There many arts in the world, but the most popular are: literature, music, theatre, cinema and others. Every person has his or her own favorite art.
Art plays an important role in my life. It aids the people`s understanding of their culture.
Cinema has got an important role in the life of any society. Cinema has become a part of the modern way of life. There is no denying that cinema is an important part of our culture .
I like to go to the cinema. There is a cinema theatre not far from my house. Usually I go to cinema with my boyfriend on Sundays.
When I have free time, I always go to see a new film. When I want to go to the cinema I usually look in the programme what films are on. Then I phone my friend and we discuss what films to see.
I prefer to see comedies, melodramas, and horror movies. But of course I like our films too.There are many talented actors and actresses in this country.
I like to go to the cinema of Timashkov. This is modern cinema halls, This is comfortable. There are many rows with convenient seats in the hall. It’s possible for everyone to see the screen clearly. The quality of the sound is very good. And In this cinema you can buy a snack or a drink. The most popular of these are popcorn and coca-cola.
Cinema is really an art of our time. Everyone can find something to his liking in the broad variety of its genres.
In my opinion to see a good love story is a very pleasant way of spending free time.
№2 My Favourite Writer (A. Marinina)
Reading is one of my hobbies, and that's why I try to use every spare minute to read. I like different kinds of literature.
I like Russian and foreign, classic and modern literature. I usually read different books: love stories, detective stories or historical novels.
I want to tell you about my favourite writer, it is Alexandra Marinina. She is considered to be a Russian Queen of detective prose. The works of this author are really interesting.
In all books there are the same characters and starting a new book you meet old friends. The author used to work as an investigator and she knows how to arouse the readers interest and at the same time writes the facts that could take place.
Many detective novels by Marinina are translated into foreign languages and foreign readers can compare our writer with Agatha Christie.
She has written over 30 novels, published in over 17 million copies and translated into over 20 languages. Most of her novels have a common central character Anastasia (Nastya) Kamenskaya. A television series Kamenskaya based on eight of Marinina's novels was shown on national Russian TV, and also in Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Germany and France.
The main character, a slender and weak woman, doesn't need to fight with the criminals using judo or something like that. She is very clever and intelligent.
All the actions and characters are described vividly.
In my opinion, Alexandra Marinina is a best-selling Russian writer of detective stories.
I always recommend my friends to read these books.
№3 Theatre
There many arts in the world, but the most popular are: literature, music, theatre, cinema and others. Every person has his or her own favorite art.
Art plays an important role in my life. It aids the people`s understanding of their culture.
Theatre is a popular kind of arts. We have a very beatiful theatre in our town. It is a building situated not far from the place of Lenin square.. The visitors can enjoy watching dramas, tragedies, comedies and sometimes an opera.
The visitors usually buy tickets beforehand in the ticket booths or in the ticket box offices. Theatrical shows usually start at 7:00 p.m.
When you enter the hall, you find your seats. You can see the stage in front of you.
The curtain goes up and you become a spectator. If the spectators enjoy the performance they applaud, give flowers and small presents to the actors and actresses.
Between the acts of the play there are intervals. The spectators leave their seats and go to the buffet where they can eat a cake and drink a glass of lemonade or juice. During the interval the spectators discuss the performance and the play of the actors and actresses.
After the performance finishes, the spectators rise from their seats and go to the cloakroom to get their coats and hats. You hear them say: “I enjoyed the performance very much”,“The actors and actresses performend very well”.
№4 Olympic Games
The world's greatest international sports games are known as the Olympic Games.
The Olympic idea means friendship, fraternity and cooperation among the people of the world.
The Olympic emblem is five interlinked rings: blue, yellow, black, green and red. Any national flag contains at least one of these colours.
The original Olympic Games began in ancient Greece. It was a great athletic festival, including competitions in wrestling, foot racing and chariot racing, rowing and others.
The games were for men only. Greek women were forbidden not only to participate but also to watch the Olympics.
The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896. Since then the Olympics are held every fourth year in different countries.
Russia joined the Olympic movement in 1952. Since then it has won a lot of gold, silver, and bronze medals. In 1980 Moscow hosted the Twenty- Second Olympic Games. The latest Olympic Games were held in Vancouver. Russian sportsmen got medals for their records in many sports events.
In my opinion, sport is a very important part of life.
№5 My favourite painter.
One of my favourite artists is Isaac Levitan.
Isaac Levitan, the great Russian artist, became the first painter of the Russian scenery, who revealed all its beauty. He is a real poet of the Russian countryside. He continued and developed the traditions of painters of the Russian realistic school — Savrasov, Polenov, Serov. Levitan found significant meaning and poetry in what would seem the most everyday subjects.
He is a very individual sort of painter.
Many people admire his pictures Deep Waters, Evening Bells, Springtime, The Last Snow and, of course, his famous Golden Autumn. All his paintings are very emotional, lyrical and realistic.
In the closing years of his life Levitan made several journeys abroad to France, Italy and Germany where he painted a number of landscapes, although his best works of the period were devoted to Russia. He was only 40 when he died.
Levitan's influence on the painters of lyrical landscapes was great. Levitan's feeling for nature, his great love for his native land, his ability to reveal and depict the poetry of the Russian land have won his paintings the love and gratitude of people.
№6 English Meals
The English are very particular about their meals. The usual meals in England are breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner.
Breakfast time is between seven and nine a.m. A traditional English breakfast is a very big meal. Many people like to begin with porridge with milk or cream and sugar.
The two substantial meals of the day are lunch and dinner. Lunch is usually taken at one o'clock. For many people lunch is a quick meal. Office workers usually go to a cafe at this time. They take fish, poultry or cold meat (beef, mutton, veal and ham), boiled or fried potatoes and all sorts of salad. School children can have a hot meal at school. Some of them just bring a snack from home.
Tea is very popular among the English; it may almost be called their national drink. Tea is welcome in the morning, in the afternoon and in the evening. Tea means two things. It is a drink and a meal. Cream teas are also popular. The evening meal is the biggest and the main meal of the day. Very often the whole family eats together. They begin with soup, followed by fish, roast chicken, potatoes and vegetables, fruit and coffee.
The British enjoy tasting delicious food from other countries, for example, French, Italian, Indian and Chinese food. Modern people are so busy that they do not have a lot of time for cooking themselves. So, the British buy the food at the restaurant and bring it home already prepared to eat. Eating has become rather international in Britain lately.
№7 Travelling
Modern life is impossible without travelling. Almost all people are fond of travelling. It is very interesting to see new places, another towns and countries. Thousands of people travel every day either on business or for pleasure. They can travel by air, by rail, by sea or by road.
Travelling by sea is very popular. Large ships and small river boats can visit foreign countries and different interesting places/
Of course, travelling by air is the fastest and the most convenient way, but it is the most expensive too. Travelling by train is slower than by plane, but it has its advantages. You can see much more interesting places of the country you are travelling through. Modern trains have very comfortable seats.
Many people like to travel by car. It is interesting too, because you can see many filings in a short time, you can stop when and where you like, you do not have to buy tickets or carry your suitcases.
A very popular method of travelling is hiking. It is travelling on foot. Walking tours are very interesting. Hitch-hiking is a very popular method of travelling among young people. But it is not so popular in our country as abroad.
As for me, it's more comfortable to travel by train and by plane.
I like to travel by car. It's interesting too, because you can see many things in a short time. When we go by car, we don't take tickets. We put all things we need in a car. We don't carry them.
So I can say that I enjoy all kinds of travelling very much.
№8 Environmental Protection
Our planet Earth is only a tiny part of the universe, but nowadays it's the only place where we can live.
People always polluted their surroundings. But until now pollution was not such a serious problem.
With the development of overcrowded industrial highly developed cities, which put huge amounts of pollutants into surrounds, the problem has become more and more dangerous. Today our planet is in serious danger. Acid rains, global warming, air and water pollution, and overpopulation are the problems that threaten human lives on the Earth.
Billions of tons of coal and oil are consumed around the world every year. When these fuels are burnt, they produce smoke and other by-products, which is emitted into the atmosphere.
Factories emit tons of harmful chemicals. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains.
Our forests are disappearing because they are cut down or burnt. If this trend continues, one day we won't have enough oxygen to breathe, we won't see a beautiful green forest at all.
The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear wastes, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in our seas.
And even greater threats are nuclear power stations. We all know how tragic the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster are.
Fortunately, it's not too late to solve these problems. We have the time, the money and even the technology to make our planet a better, cleaner and safer place.
People must take care of Our planet.
№9 The USA
The United States of America is the fourth largest country in the world (after Russia, Canada, and China). It occupies the southern part of North America and stretches from the Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean. It also includes Alaska in the north and Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The total area of the country is about nine and a half million square kilometres. The USA borders on Canada in the north and on Mexico in the south. It also has a seaboarder with Russia.
The USA is made up of 50 states and the District of Columbia where the capital of the country, Washington, is situated. The population of the country is about 250 million.
If we look at the map of the USA, we can see lowlands and mountains. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, the Cordillera, and the Sierra Nevada. The highest peak is Mount McKinley, which is located in Alaska.
America's largest rivers are the Mississippi, the Missouri, the Rio Grande, and the Columbia. The Great Lakes on the border with Canada are the largest and deepest in the USA.
The climate of the country varies greatly. The coldest regions are in the north. The climate of Alaska is arctic. The climate of the central part of the country is continental. The south has subtropical climate. The climate along the Pacific coast is much warmer than that of the Atlantic coast.
The USA is a highly developed industrial country. It is the leading producer of copper and oil and the worlds second producer of iron ore and coal.
The largest cities are New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, San Francisco, and others.
№10 Political System of the USA
The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states. Each state has its own government («state government*). In some ways the United States is like 50 small countries.
The government of the USA act according to the Constitution. According to the Constitution the USA is a republic. So, the officials of any rank are elected by US citizens. Every citizen has rights which can not be violated.
The Constitution proclaims a federal system of government which keeps both the states and the federal power from getting too much power
The federal power is located in Washington. It is based on legislative, executive and juridical branches of power.
The legislative power is vested in Congress, which consists of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives.
The executive branch is headed by the President who is assisted by the Vice President.
Now about the elections,…The President of the USA is chosen in nationwide elections every 4 years together with the Vice.-President. The President can not be elected for more than two terms.
The judicial branch is made up of Federal District Courts, 11 Federal Courts and the Supreme Court. Federal judges are appointed by the President for life.
Constitution has been amended twenty six times. The Bill of Rights guarantees individual liberties: freedom of word,» religion and so on.
№ 11 Сustoms and traditions (USA)
Every nation has different customs and traditions, its own way of life. The Americans love change, they call it the spirit of adventure. They like to move away, to change houses and jobs.
The Englishman prefers sociability. He will tell you all about himself, his wife and family, and ask where you have come from, what your job is, how you like
A national Thanksgiving Day is perhaps the only holiday spent by the Americans at home. The centrepiece is the traditional roast turkey.
Still another American tradition concerns Halloween. On this occasion children usually wear ghost costumes or false faces. They also carve out rounded eyes in pumpkins and put burning candles inside them to make them visible from far away.
The English are traditional about their meals. They eat eggs and bacon with toasts for breakfast, pudding or apple pie for dessert. Every English family has five o'clock tea. A typical feature of an english house is a fireplace, even when there is central heating in the house.
English people like domestic animals. Every family has a pet:a dog, a cat or a bird.
Politeness is a characteristic feature of Englishmen. They often say "Thank you", "Sorry", "Beg your pardon". Russian people,I think, have to learn this good custom.
Englishmen have many traditional holidays, such as Christmas, St.Valentine's Day, Mother's day, Easter and others.
№ 12 Industry in USA
The USA is the most powerful and highly developed country of the world. It is situated in the central part of the North American continent. Its western coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and its eastern coast is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.
The capital of the USA is Washington. It is situated in the District of Columbia. Washington is a beautiful administrative city with practically no industry.
The USA is a highly developed industrial state. Its agriculture is also highly mechanized. It occupies one of the first places among the countries of the world for production of coal, iron and oil.
The USA has a highly developed motor-ear industry. cars have become the symbol of American way of life. The vehicles produced at such companies as Ford and the General Motors are known world-wide. Ship-building is developed along the Atlantic coast and in San Francisco. The textile industry is to be found in the north-east and in the south of the country.
The USA has a highly developed railway system. It also has the best network of roads in the world. They are called highways.
USA has also well-developed light industry which includes textile, tanning and footwear industries. The food industry is well developed too. Both animal husbandry and farming takes big place in the economy of the USA.
№13 Customs of Great Britain.
Every nation and every country has its own customs and traditions. In Britian traditions play more importaint part in the life of the people than in some other countries.
Englishmen are proud of their traditions and carefully keep them up. It has been the law for about three hundred years that all the theatres are closed on Sundays no letters are delivered only a few Sunday papers are publshed. English people like gardens.
Holidays are especially rich in old traditions and are different in Scotland, Ireland, Wales and England.
There are only 8 official public holidays a year. They are New Year Holiday, Good Friday, Easter Monday, May Day Holiday, Spring Holiday, Summer Holiday, Christmas Day and Boxing Day. But there are many more unofficial holidays, with whish different traditions and customs are connected. For example is the Boat Race, which takes place on the river Thames, often on Easter Sunday. A boat with a team from Oxford University and one with a team from Cambridge University hold a race.And, another ex Christmas is a official english national holyday. . They send each other Christmas cards. Traditional English dinner on Christmas is turkey and pudding. Аnd on that day in Trafalgar Square there is a Christmas tree which is over fifty feet high It is a present from the people of Oslo. They send it to Londoners every year.
№14 Industrial cities in great Britain
Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country, and most of the people live in large cities.
Naturally, the capital comes first among the biggest industrial cities of the country. Lots of things such as clothes, food, planes and cars are made in London. London is a great port with many docks. It is also the centre of commerce.North-west of London, in the midland counties (the Midlands) is a very important industrial district which is known as the “Black country”.Great Britain has a lot of industrial cities, such us London, Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Bristol and others.
Birmingham is the biggest town in the centre of England. Machines, cars and lorries are made here. TV- and radio-sets are also produced in Birmingham.
Manchester is an industrial capital of the North of England. It is a very old city. It is the centre of cotton industry. Manchester has many libraries, museums, art galleries and theatres. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland. It is one of the most beautiful cities in Europe. Glasgow is another great Scottish city. It is famous for its shipyards. Glasgow is a great industrial city and also the centre of Scottish culture. Cardiff is the capital of Wales.It is a big port and ships come here from all over the world. Cambridge and Oxford are the oldest university towns in Great Britain..
№15 Geographique position in Great Britain
The full name of the country the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom is situated on the British Isles.
The British Isles consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and a great number of small islands. The British Isles are separated from the European continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea. The island of Great Britain consists of three main parts: England, Wales and Scotland.
There are many rivers in Britain. They are not long but some of them are deep. The longest river is the Severn. There are no high mountains in Great Britain. There is very little flat country except in the region known as East Anglia. Most of the rivers flow into the North Sea.
The warm currents of the Atlantic Ocean influence the climate of Great Britain. Winters are not severely cold and. summers are rarely hot. The population of the United Kingdom is over 58 million people.
Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country. The main branches of British economy are engineering, mining, ship-building, textile, chemistry, electronics, fishing. The industrial centres of Great Britain are London, Manchester, Eirmingham, Leeds, Liverpool, Sheffield and others.
The capital of the country is London. The United Kingdom is a parliamentary monarchy.
№16 Political System of Great Britain
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy.
Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set of laws.
Parliament is the most important authority in Britain. Parliament is made up of three parts: the Monarch, the House of Lords; and the House of Commons. In reality the House of Commons is the only one of the three which has true power.
The monarch serves formally as head of state. The present sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II.
The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament.. They are elected by secret ballot.
There are few political parties in Britain thanks to the British electoral system. The main ones are: the Conservative Party, the Labour Party and the Liberal / Social Democratic Alliance.Each political party puts up one candidate for each constituency. The party which wins the most seats in Parliament forms the Government. Its leader becomes the Prime Minister. His first job is to choose his Cabinet.
The functions of the House of Commons are legislation and scrutiny of government activities. The House of Commons is presided over by the Speaker. The Speaker is appointed by the Government.
The House of Lords has no real power. It acts rather as an advisory council.
It's in the House of Commons that new bills are introduced and debated.
Parliament is responsible for British national policy. Local governments are responsible for organizing of education, police and many others.
№17 London
London is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdomis, its political, economic and cultural centre. It's one of the largest cities in the world. Its population is more than million people..London is situated on the river Thames. The city is very old and beautiful. London's 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education in Europe.
London is divided into several parts: the City, the West End, the East End and Westminster. The City is the oldest part of London, its financial and business centre.Westminster is the most important part of the capital. It's the administrative centre. The Houses of Parliament, the seat of the British Government, are there. It's a very beautiful building with two towers and a very big clock called Big Ben. Big Ben is really the bell which strikes every quarter of an hour.
To the west of Westminster is West End. Here we find most of the big shops, hotels, museums, art galleries, theatres and concert halls. In the West End there are wide streets with beautiful houses and many parks, gardens and squares .To the east of Westminster is the East End, an industrial district of the capital. There are no parks or gardens in the East End and you can't see many fine houses there. Most of the plants and factories are situated there.
London has many places of interest. One of them is Buckingham Palace. It's the residence of the Queen. The English are proud of Trafalgar Square, which was named so in memory of the victory at the battle.
All London's long-past history is told by its streets. There are many streets in London which are known all over the" world. Among them Oxford Street, Downing Street and a lot of others can be mentioned.
№18 Education in Britain
In England compulsory school begins at the age of five, but before that age children can go to a nursery school, also called play school. School is compulsory till the children are 16 years old.
In Primary School and First School children learn to read and write and the basis of arithmetic. In the higher classes of Primary School (or in Middle School) children learn geography, history, religion and, in some schools, a foreign language. Then children go to the Secondary School.
When students are 16 years old they may take an exam in various subjects in order to have a qualification. These qualifications can be either G.C.S.E. (General Certificate of Secondary Education) or "O level" (Ordinary level). After that students can either leave school and start working or continue their studies in the same school as before. If they continue, when they are 18, they have to take further examinations which are necessary for getting into university or college.
Some parents choose private schools for their children. They are very expensive but considered to provide a better education and good job opportunities.
In England there are 47 universities, including the Open University which teaches via TV and radio, about 400 colleges and institutes of higher education. The oldest universities in England are Oxford and Cambridge. Generally, universities award two kinds of degrees: the Bachelor's degree and the Master's degree.
Получите свидетельство
Вход
Методическая разработка по английскому языку по теме "English Topics" (29.44 КB)
0
620
44
Нравится
0
