Педиатрия

Which of the following is a stimulus for closure of ductus arteriousus?
 

A ten-year-old boy presents to the pediatric emergency unit with seizures. Blood pressure in the upper extremity measured as 200/140 mm Hg. Femoral pulses were not palpable. The most likely diagnosis amongst the following is:

 In ostium secundum ASD, maximally affected is :

Which of the following statements is/are FALSE about ostium secundum ASD?

A child after 4 weeks of  birth  is acyanotic, but a systolic murmur is detected. Causes are/is:

A 1-month-old boy is referred for failure to thrive. On examination, he shows features of congestive failure. The femoral pulses are feeble as compared to brachial pulses. The most likely clinical diagnosis is:

  A youngyoung female presents with history of  dyspnea on exertion. On examination, she has wide, fixed split S2 with ejection systolic murmur (III/VI) in left second intercostal space. Her ECG show left axis deviation. The most probable diagnosis is:

A two-month-old infant is brought to the hospital emergency with marked respiratory distress. On examination , the infant has cyanosis and bilateral crepitations. Heart rate is 180/min, respiratory rate 56/min and the liver span 7.5 cm. The child has had repeated episodes of fever, cough and respiratory distress since the time of birth. Cardiovascular examination reveals a grade III ejection systolic murmur in left parasternal area and the chest X-ray reveals cardiomegaly with a narrow base and plethoric lung fields. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A two-year-old boy presented with episodes of becoming dusky. On examination, ther was central cyanosis and clubbing. There was no pallor, oedema or respiratory distress. The heart was normal sized with a parasternal heave. A systolic thrill was palpable over the left middle sternal border. First heart sound was normal and only the aortic component was audible in the second heart sound. Liver was not enlarged. What would be the likely diagnosis?

acute obstructive bronchitis is characterized by:

Lower back pain in acute glomerulonephritis may be associated with: a) with the presence of concretions in the urinary system; b) with swelling of the kidneys; C) with apostematous changes in the renal parenchyma; d) with urodynamic disorders; e) with ischemic kidney infarction. Choose the correct combination of responses:

Hemodynamic disorders in acute glomerulonephritis are caused by: a) hypervolemia; b) sodium and water retention; C) hyperreninemia; d) increased concentration of prostaglandins; e) vascular spasm. Choose the correct combination of responses:

Describe the complications of acute glomerulonephritis: a) oligoanuria in the acute phase of the disease with the development of АRF; b) massive renal bleeding; C) eclampsia; d) thromboembolic syndrome; e) acute left ventricular failure. Choose the correct combination of responses:

Among the hemodynamic factors of glomerulonephritis progression are: a) intra glomerular  hypertension; b) systemic hypertension; C) violations of the permeability of the vascular wall; d) immunocomplex damage. Choose the correct combination of responses:

What signs can distinguish chronic glomerulonephritis from acute? a) the presence of dysuric phenomena; b) severe hypertrophy of the left ventricle; C) a decrease in the size of the kidneys; d) severe leukocyturia; e) a decrease in blood pressure. Choose the correct combination of responses:

The leading importance in the pathogenesis of hypertension in acute glomerulonephritis is given to: a) sodium and water retention; b) increasing the volume of circulating blood  and the shock volume of the heart; C) narrowing of the renal arteries (vasorenal mechanism); d) hypercatecholaminemia and an increase in catecholamines; e) an increase in the level of cortisol in the blood. Choose the correct combination of responses:

Characteristic hemodynamic disorders in acute glomerulonephritis: a) expansion of the heart cavities; b) accent of the I tone over the aorta; C) low diastolic pressure; d) low pulse pressure; e) Graham-still murmur. Choose the correct combination of responses: 

What are the pathogens that cause interstitial pneumonia: a) Streptococcus pneumoniae; b) viruses; C) Mycoplasma d) Staphylococcus aureus; e) Rickettsia. Choose the correct combination of responses:

 The Most typical complications of ascariasis:

Directly from person to person is transmitted:
 

The most effective drug in the treatment of opisthorchiasis is:

For the acute stage of helminthiasis, all these phenomena are characteristic, except

Clinical manifestations of the acute phase of ascariasis include:

 Characteristic clinical signs of trichinellosis are:
a) puffiness of the face
b) conjunctivitis
C) fever
d) muscle pain
e) abdominal pain
f) all of the above

The most common clinical forms of schistosomiasis:
a) urogenital
b) intestinal
C) pulmonary
d) skin
e)all of the above