Pathological physiology
Список вопросов теста
Вопрос 1
1. What is the modern definition of PATHOGENESIS? Pathogenesis is:
Варианты ответов
- causes and conditions of disease’s onset
- the mechanism of onset, development, course and outcome of the disease
- internal and external mechanisms of disease’s onset
- conditions of onset, development, course and outcome of the disease
- reaction of organs and tissues to the pathological irritant
Вопрос 2
Choose the correct statement:
Варианты ответов
- The reactivity of an organism is a reaction to a particular influence.
- The reactivity of an organism is its ability to perceive a particular influence.
- The reactivity of an organism is its ability to tolerate the effects of harmful factors
- The reactivity of an organism is its ability to respond in a definite way to a particular effect.
Вопрос 3
What is the origin of the cancerous cells?
Варианты ответов
- Monoclonal
- Polyclonal
- Stem cells
- Mesodermal cells
Вопрос 4
Which of these features are characteristic of arterial hyperemia?
Варианты ответов
- Redness of organ with a cyanotic shade, blood pressure in the hyperemic area is not changed, decrease in volume of hyperemic area;
- Tissue redness (bright red color), increased blood pressure in the vessels of hyperemic area, the increase in volume of hyperemic area, pulsation of small blood vessels, increasing the temperature of surface of the integument;
- Blood pressure in the hyperemic area is not changed, decrease in volume of hyperemic area;
- Pulsation of small vessels is terminated.
Вопрос 5
What is the modern definition of DISEASE? Disease is a disturbance of living activity of the organism under the effect of pathogenic factor…
Варианты ответов
- with development of pathological process
- with development of functional and structural changes in the organism
- with loss of capacity for work
- with disturbance of adaptation to environment conditions and ability for work
Вопрос 6
Note examples of physiological reactivity:
Варианты ответов
- Adaptation to moderate physical activity
- Acute phase response
- Activation of anaerobic glycolysis in hypoxia
- General adaptation syndrome
Вопрос 7
Select examples of specific reactivity:
Варианты ответов
- Destruction of a microorganism by phagocytosis
- Anaerobic glycolysis activation in hypoxia
- Exudation and emigration of leukocytes during inflammation
- Antibody production upon admission of a microorganism
Вопрос 8
What is the modern definition of PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS? Pathological process is:
Варианты ответов
- sum of protective and pathological reactions of the organism
- reaction of organs and tissues to the pathological irritant
- inadequate reaction of organs and tissues to the pathological irritant
- changes in living activity of the organism disturbance of adaptation to environment conditions and ability for work
Вопрос 9
The complication of diabetes should include:
Варианты ответов
- anemia
- retinopathy
- thirst
- hyperglycemia
Вопрос 10
A 30-year-old female in her first trimester of pregnancy complains on polyuria, polydipsia, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. One year ago, a fasting plasma glucose 8,8mmol/L was found. At the time she is obese. She was treated with a diet and an oral hypoglycemic agent which resulted in a reduction in plasma glucose to normal. She had pregnancy and delivery 3 years ago, and glucose level was normal, diagnosis of the current pregnancy was made 9 weeks ago. A grandmother and uncle have diabetes. What is your diagnosis?
Варианты ответов
- Type I DM and pregnancy.
- Type II DM and pregnancy.
- Gestation diabetes.
- None of the above.
Вопрос 11
Name the cells which lost their control of the regulated division, differentiation, and apoptosis?
Варианты ответов
- Tumor cell
- Immune cell
- Platelets
- Stem cells
Вопрос 12
Name the process by which a malignant cell spread throughout normal cells?
Варианты ответов
- Transformation
- Metastasis
- Invasiveness
- Progression
Вопрос 13
The following should be considered as the norm of blood glucose:
Варианты ответов
- 2.2-3.3 mmol / L
- 3.3-5.5 mmol / L
- 5.1-6.4 mmol / L
- 2.7-3.6 mmol / L
Вопрос 14
What is the modern definition of PATHOLOGICAL REACTION? Pathological reaction is:
Варианты ответов
- adequate reaction of the organism to the adequate irritation
- internal and external reaction of the organism of disease onset
- inadequate reaction of the organism to the adequate irritation
- adequate reaction of organs and tissues to the pathological irritant
Вопрос 15
What type of resistance can be attributed immunity after infectious diseases
Варианты ответов
- Primary resistance
- Secondary resistance
- Passive resistance
- Biological resistance
Вопрос 16
Adaptation of organism disturbances to decrease of environmental temperature when using medicines alpha-adrenoblokators. Which mechanism is responsible for this?
Варианты ответов
- Formation of primary heat
- Constriction of skin vessels
- Contractile thermogenesis
- Sweating
Вопрос 17
17. Which of the following is NOT the type of cancer?
Варианты ответов
- Carcinomas
- Sarcomas
- Leukemia
- Caspases
Вопрос 18
The main factors of the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type1:
Варианты ответов
- insulin resistance and degradation in cells
- the destruction of B-cells and insulin deficiency
- insulin deficiency and increasing contrinsulyarny hormones
- increase in contrinsulyarnyhormones and insulin resistance
Вопрос 19
In a patient with third stage of fever reaction following manifestations observed: abundant sweating, tachypnea (increase in respiratory rate), decrease of body temperature. What is the mechanism of development of these symptoms?
Варианты ответов
- Reduction of shivering thermogenesis
- Secondary aldosteronism
- Rise of set point of thermoregulation in hypothalamus
- Peripheral vasodilatation
Вопрос 20
In a patient, who has poisoning with flodzine, glucosuria was revealed; concentration of glucose in patient’s blood is 5.6 mmol/L. What is the mechanism of glucosuria in this case?
Варианты ответов
- Disturbances of tubular reabsorption
- Reduction of glomerular filtration
- Rise of oncotic pressure of blood
- Disorders of tubular secretion


